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Linha 19: A medicina medieval européia se tornou mais desenvolvida no [[Renascimento]] quando inúmeros textos médicos árabes sobre medicina antiga grega e medicina islâmica foram traduzidos para o [[Latim]]. Os mais influentes entre esses textos era o ''[[Cânone da Medicina]]'' de [[Avicena]], uma enciclopédia médica escrita {{NT\|in ''circa''\|por volta de}} 1030 o qual resumia a medicina dos [[Gregos]], a [[Ayurveda\|Indiana]] e a [[Muçulmana]] até aquele momento. O ''Cânone'' se tornou um texto de autoridade na educação médica européia até o início da [[Idade Moderna]]. Outros textos médicos traduzidos naquela época incluíam o [[Corpo Hipocrático]] atribuído a [[Hipócrates]], [[Al-kindi\|Alkindus]], [[De Gradibus]] o [[Liber Pantegni]] de [[Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi\|Haly Abbas]] e [[Isaac ben Solomon]], [[Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi\|Abulcasis]], ''[[Al-Tasrif]]'' e os escritos de [[Galeno]]. ===O Sistema Medieval=== [[Image:Medieval dentistry.jpg\|thumb\|left\|270px\|Um dentista com um fórceps de prata e um colar de dentes grandes extraindo um dente de um homem sentado. Inglaterra - Londres; 1360 - 1375.]] Iniciando-se nas áreas afetadas por último pela queda do [[Império Romano do Ocidente]], uma teoria médica unificada começa a se desenvolver, baseada grandemente nos escritos dos médicos [[Gregos]] sobre [[Fisiologia]], [[Higiene]], [[Dieta]], [[Patologia]] e [[Farmacologia]] e acreditada devido a descoberta de como a coluna vertebral controla os [[músculo]]s. Através de dissecções eles descreveram as valvas do [[coração]] e determinaram a função da [[bexiga urinária\|bexiga]] e dos [[rins]]. ==Referências== Linha 31 ⟶ 35: <!-- ~~===The medieval system===~~ ~~[[Image:Medieval dentistry.jpg\|thumb\|left\|270px\|A dentist with silver forceps and a necklace of large teeth, extracting the tooth of a seated man. England - London; 1360-1375.]]~~ Starting in the areas least affected by the disruption of the fall of the western empire, a unified theory of medicine began to develop, based largely on the writings of the [[Greece\|Greek]] physicians on physiology, [[hygiene]], [[dietetics]], [[pathology]], and [[pharmacology]], and is credited with the discovery of how the [[spinal cord]] controls various [[muscle]]s. From his dissections, he described the [[heart]] valves and determined the purpose of the [[urinary bladder\|bladder]] and [[kidney]]s. Galen of Pergamum, also a Greek, was the most important physician of this period and is second only to Hippocrates in the medical history of antiquity. In view of his undisputed authority over medicine in the Middle Ages, his principal doctrines require some elaboration. Galen described the four classic symptoms of inflammation (redness, pain, heat, and swelling) and added much to the knowledge of infectious disease and pharmacology. His anatomic knowledge of humans was defective because it was based on dissection of pigs. Some of Galen's teachings tended to hold back medical progress. His theory, for example, that the blood carried the pneuma, or life spirit, which gave it its red colour, coupled with the erroneous notion that the blood passed through a porous wall between the ventricles of the heart, delayed the understanding of circulation and did much to discourage research in physiology. His most important work, however, was in the field of the form and function of muscles and the function of the areas of the spinal cord. He also excelled in diagnosis and prognosis. The importance of Galen's work cannot be overestimated, for through his writings knowledge of Greek medicine was subsequently transmitted to the Western world by the Arabs.

Medicina medieval: diferenças entre revisões