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=== Evangelho de João ===
O último dos evangelhos, [[Evangelho de João|João]] difere de Marcos e relata José como um discípulo que se esforça para dar a Jesus um sepultamento digno. Ele afirma que José foi auxiliado por [[Nicodemos]], que trouxe uma mistura de [[mirra]] e [[aloé]], untando com estas especiarias o sudário, como requeria o costume judaico ({{citar bíblia|João|19|39|40}}).
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==Historicity==
[[N. T. Wright]] notes that the burial of Christ is part of the earliest gospel traditions.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wright|first=N. T.|author-link=N. T. Wright|title=The Challenge of Easter|year=2009|page=22}}</ref> John A.T. Robinson states that the burial of Jesus in the tomb is one of the earliest and best-attested facts about Jesus."<ref>{{cite book|last=Robinson|first=John A.T.|title=The human face of God|date=1973|publisher=Westminster Press|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0664209704|page=131}}</ref> Rudolf Bultmann described the basic story as 'an historical account which creates no impression of being a legend'.<ref name="Magness" /> ▼
== Historicidade ==
[[John Dominic Crossan]], however, suggests that Jesus' body was eaten by dogs as it [[Crucifixion of Jesus|hung on the cross]] so that there was nothing left to bury.<ref>{{cite book|last=Crossan|first=John Dominic|author-link=John Dominic Crossan|title=Jesus: A Revolutionary Biography|year=2009|page=143}}</ref> [[Martin Hengel]] argued that Jesus was buried in disgrace as an executed criminal who died a shameful death, a view widely accepted in scholarly literature.<ref name="Magness">{{cite book | title=Stone and Dung, Oil and Spit: Jewish Daily Life in the Time of Jesus | publisher=Eerdmans | author=Magness, Jodi | year=2011 | pages=146}}</ref> ▼▲[[N. T. Wright]] notesafirma thatque theo burialsepultamento ofde ChristCristo isé partparte ofdas themais earliestantigas gospeltradições traditions.evangélicas<ref>{{cite book|last=Wright|first=N. T.|author-link=N. T. Wright|title=The Challenge of Easter|year=2009|page=22}}</ref> . John A.T. Robinson statesdefende thatque theo burialsepultamento ofde Jesus innum thetúmulo tombé isum onedos offatos themais earliestantigos ande best-attestedmelhor factsatestados aboutsobre Jesus ."<ref>{{cite book|last=Robinson|first=John A.T.|title=The human face of God|date=1973|publisher=Westminster Press|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0664209704|page=131}}</ref> Rudolf Bultmann described the basic story as 'an historical account which creates no impression of being a legend'.<ref name="Magness" /> .
▲[[John Dominic Crossan]], howeverporém, suggestssugere thatque Jesus'o bodycorpo wasde eatenJesus byteria dogssido asdevorado itpor [[Crucifixioncães ofquando Jesus|hungestava onpendurado thena cross]]cruz soaté thatque therenada was nothing left to bury.sobrasse<ref>{{cite book|last=Crossan|first=John Dominic|author-link=John Dominic Crossan|title=Jesus: A Revolutionary Biography|year=2009|page=143}}</ref> . [[Martin Hengel]] argueddefende thatque Jesus wasfoi buriedenterrado inem disgracedesgraça, aspois anera executedum criminalcriminoso whocondenado diede aexecutado shamefulde deathforma vergonhosa, aum viewponto widelyde acceptedvista inamplamente scholarlyaceito literature.na literatura acadêmica<ref name="Magness">{{cite book | title=Stone and Dung, Oil and Spit: Jewish Daily Life in the Time of Jesus | publisher=Eerdmans | author=Magness, Jodi | year=2011 | pages=146}}</ref> .
==Theological significance==
[[Paul the Apostle]] includes the burial in his statement of the gospel in verses 3 and 4 of [[1 Corinthians 15]]: "For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures; And that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the scriptures" ([[KJV]]). This appears to be an early pre-Pauline [[creed|credal statement]].<ref>[[Hans Conzelmann]], ''1 Corinthians'', translated James W. Leitch (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1969), 251.</ref>
== Importância teológica ==
The burial of Christ is specifically mentioned in the [[Apostles' Creed]], where it says that Jesus was "[[Crucifixion of Jesus|crucified]], dead, and buried." The [[Heidelberg Catechism]] asks "Why was he buried?" and gives the answer "His burial testified that He had really died."<ref>[http://www.wts.edu/resources/creeds/heidelberg.html Heidelberg Catechism], Q & A 41.</ref>
[[Paulo de Tarso|Paulo]] inclui o sepultamento em seu anúncio do [[evangelho]] nos [[versículo]]s 3 e 4 de [[I Coríntios 15]]: {{citar bíblia|I Coríntios|15|3|4|citação=Pois eu vos entreguei primeiramente o que também recebi: que Cristo morreu por nossos pecados segundo as Escrituras, e que foi sepultado, que foi ressuscitado ao terceiro dia segundo as Escrituras}}. Este trecho parece ser um antigo [[credo]] pré-paulino<ref>[[Hans Conzelmann]], ''1 Corinthians'', translated James W. Leitch (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1969), 251.</ref>.
[[File:Gotland-Dalhem Kyrka Glasmalerei 12.jpg|thumb|230px|A 13th century version of the Entombment of Christ in [[stained-glass]]]]
O sepultamento de Cristo é especificamente mencionado no [[Credo dos Apóstolos]], que diz que Jesus ''"foi crucificado, morto e sepultado"''. O [[Catecismo de Heidelberg]] responde à pergunta "Por que ele foi sepultado?" afirmando que ''"Seu sepultamento testifica que Ele havia realmente morrido"''<ref>[http://www.wts.edu/resources/creeds/heidelberg.html Heidelberg Catechism], Q & A 41.</ref>. O [[Catecismo da Igreja Católica]] diz: ''"É o mistério do [[Sábado de Aleluia|Sábado Santo]], em que [[Cristo]], depositado no túmulo, manifesta o [[repouso sabático]] de Deus depois da realização da salvação dos homens, que pacifica todo o universo"'' e que ''"A permanência do corpo de Cristo no túmulo constitui o laço real entre o estado [[:wikt:passível|passível]] de Cristo antes da [[Páscoa judaica|Páscoa]] e o seu estado glorioso atual de ressuscitado"''<ref>{{citar web|url = http://www.vatican.va/archive/cathechism_po/index_new/p1s2cap2_422-682_po.html| título = Catecismo da Igreja Católica, 624-625| publicado = Site oficial do Vaticano| língua = português}}</ref>.
The [[Catechism of the Catholic Church]] states that, "It is the mystery of [[Holy Saturday]], when Christ, lying in the tomb, reveals God's great sabbath rest after the fulfillment of man's salvation, which brings peace to the whole universe" and that "Christ's stay in the tomb constitutes the real link between his [[wiktionary:passible|passible]] state before Easter and his glorious and risen state today."<ref>[[Catechism of the Catholic Church]], [http://www.vatican.va/archive/catechism/p122a4p3.htm 624-625].</ref>
== Representações artísticas ==
==Depiction in art==
{{DeathAP|Morte ofde Jesus}}
O Sepultamento de Cristo tem sido um tema popular na [[arte cristã]], principalmente na [[Europa Ocidental]] depois do século X. Ele aparece nos ciclos da [[Vida de Cristo]], logo depois da [[Deposição da Cruz]] ou da [[Lamentação de Cristo]]. Desde o [[Renascimento]], ele tem sido geralmente combinado ou fundido neles<ref>G Schiller, ''Iconography of Christian Art, Vol. II'',1972, Lund Humphries, London, p.164 ff, ISBN 0-85331-324-5</ref>. Entre os exemplos mais notáveis estão:
== Ver também ==
The Entombment of Christ has been a popular subject in art, being developed in Western Europe in the 10th century. It appears in cycles of the ''[[Life of Christ]]'', where it follows the [[Deposition of Christ]] or the [[Lamentation of Christ]]. Since the Renaissance, it has sometimes been combined or conflated with one of these.<ref>G Schiller, ''Iconography of Christian Art, Vol. II'',1972 (English trans from German), Lund Humphries, London, p.164 ff, ISBN 0-85331-324-5</ref>
{{ commons categorycommonscat|Entombment of Christ}} ▼
* [[Túmulo de Jesus]], os diversos locais que alegam ser o local do sepultamento de Jesus.
Notable individual works with articles include:
* [[Deposição da Cruz]]
* [[Túmulo vazio]]
*[[The Entombment (Michelangelo)|''The Entombment'' (Michelangelo)]]
* [[Descida de Jesus ao inferno]]
*[[The Deposition (Raphael)|''The Deposition'' (Raphael)]]
*[[The Entombment (Bouts)|''The Entombment'' (Bouts)]]
*[[The Entombment (Titian, 1525)|''The Entombment'' (Titian, 1525)]]
*[[The Entombment (Titian, 1559)|''The Entombment'' (Titian, 1559)]]
*[[The Entombment of Christ (Caravaggio)|''The Entombment of Christ'' (Caravaggio)]]
*[[Lamentation of Christ (Rogier van der Weyden)]]
==Use in hymnody==
The [[Spiritual (music)|African-American spiritual]] ''Were you there?'' has the line "Were you there when they laid Him in the tomb?"<ref>[http://hymntime.com/tch/htm/w/e/r/wereyout.htm Cyberhymnal: ''Were You There?'']</ref> while the [[Christmas carol]] ''[[We Three Kings]]'' includes the [[s:We Three Kings of Orient Are|verse]]:
<blockquote><poem>
Myrrh is mine, its bitter perfume
Breathes a life of gathering gloom;
Sorrowing, sighing, bleeding, dying,
Sealed in the stone cold tomb.
</poem></blockquote>
[[John Wilbur Chapman]]'s hymn "One Day" interprets the burial of Christ by saying "Buried, He carried my sins far away."<ref>[http://hymntime.com/tch/htm/o/n/e/oneday.htm Cyberhymnal: ''One Day'']</ref>
==See also==
▲{{commons category|Entombment of Christ}}
* [[Tomb of Jesus]], multiple sites purported to be Christ's burial place
* [[Descent from the Cross]]
* [[Empty tomb]]
* [[Epitaphios (liturgy)]]
* [[Life of Jesus in the New Testament]]
* [[Harrowing of Hell]]
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{{Referências|col=2}}
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