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{{Info/Estação
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{{geocoordenadas|41.900648_N_12.501755_E_type:landmark_region:IT-RM|41° 54′ 2.33″ N 12° 30′ 6.32″ O}}
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{{Infobox station
| name = Roma Termini
| image = Roma-Termini--Italy--at-night.JPG
| alt =
| caption =
| address = Piazzale dei Cinquecento<br>00185 [[Rome]]
| country = Italy
| coordinates = {{coord|41|54|03|N|12|30|07|E|region:IT-RM|display=inline,title}}
| elevation =
| owner = [[Rete Ferroviaria Italiana]]
| operator = [[Grandi Stazioni]]
| lines = {{Plainlist|
* [[Florence–Rome high-speed railway|Rome–Florence (high-speed)]]
* [[Florence–Rome railway|Rome–Florence (traditional)]]
* [[Rome–Naples high-speed railway|Rome–Naples (high-speed)]]
* [[Rome–Formia–Naples railway|Rome–Formia–Naples]]
* [[Rome–Cassino–Naples railway|Rome–Cassino–Naples]]
* Rome–Nettuno
* [[Pisa–Livorno–Rome railway|Rome–Pisa]]
* [[Rome–Sulmona–Pescara railway|Rome–Pescara]]
* [[Rome-Ancona]]
* [[Rome–Capranica–Viterbo railway|Rome–Viterbo]]
* [[Rome–Velletri railway|Rome–Velletri]]
* [[Rome–Albano railway|Rome–Albano]]
* [[Rome–Frascati railway|Rome–Frascati]]
* [[Rome–Fiumicino railway|Rome–Fiumicino]]
}}
| distance =
| platforms = 32
| architect =
| opened = {{Start date and age|1862|df=y}}
| rebuilt =
| closed =
| electrified =
| services =
| map_type = Italy Rome
}}
[[Image:Stazione20Termini201890.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Façade of the first permanent Termini station, circa 1890. The [[List of obelisks in Rome|obelisk]] on the right, a memorial to Italian casualties in [[battle of Dogali]], is now in a nearby street, via delle Terme di Diocleziano.]]
[[Image:Roma termini 01.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Exterior of the station building <br /> (Feb 2017)]]
[[Image:Roma termini 02.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Interior of the station building <br /> (Feb 2017)]]
[[Image:Roma termini 03.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Platforms and concourse area is separated by ticket control gate for security reason <br /> (Feb 2017)]]
[[Image:Roma termini 04.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Concourse area <br /> (Feb 2017)]]
'''Roma Termini''' (in [[Italian language|Italian]], ''Stazione Termini'') is the main [[railway station]] of [[Rome]], [[Italy]]. It is named after the district of the same name, which in turn took its name from ancient [[Baths of Diocletian]] (in [[Latin language|Latin]], ''[[thermae]]''), which lie across the street from the main entrance.<ref>{{cite book | title=Guida d'Italia. Roma | publisher=Touring Club Italiano | year=1999 | location=Milan | page=162}}: "il toponimo deriva dalle terme di Diocleziano" ("the toponym derives from the Baths of Diocletian").</ref>
==Overview==
The station has regular train services to all major Italian cities, as well as daily international services to [[Munich]], [[Geneva]], and [[Vienna]]. With 33 platforms and over 150 million passengers each year,<ref name=termini>[http://www.grandistazioni.it/cms/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=7c18360fa1bdb110VgnVCM1000003f16f90aRCRD Roma Termini]</ref> Roma Termini is the second largest railway station in Europe after [[Paris Gare du Nord]].
Termini is also the main hub for public transport inside Rome. Both current [[Rome Metro]] lines (A and B) intersect at [[Termini (Rome Metro)|Termini metro station]], and a major bus station is located at Piazza dei Cinquecento, the square in front of the station. However, the main [[Trams in Rome|tram lines of the city]] cross at [[Porta Maggiore]], some 1,500 metres east of the station.
On 23 December 2006, the station was dedicated to [[Pope John Paul II]].<ref name=termini/>
==History==
On 25 February 1863, [[Pope Pius IX]] opened the first, temporary Termini Station as the terminus of the [[Rome–Frascati railway|Rome–Frascati]], [[Rome–Civitavecchia railway|Rome–Civitavecchia]] and Rome-[[Ceprano]] lines.
The first two lines previously had separate stations elsewhere in the city, and, as the third line was under development, the city chose to build one central station, as opposed to the [[Paris]] model of having separate terminus stations for each line or each direction. The dilapidated Villa Montalto-Peretti, erected in the 16th Century by [[Pope Sixtus V]], was chosen as the site for this new station, which was to be called the "Stazione Centrale delle Ferrovie Romane" (Central Station of Roman Railways).
Construction of the permanent station began in 1868, in the last years of the Papal [[Temporal power (Papal)|Temporal Power]] over the city of Rome, and was completed in 1874 after the [[Capture of Rome]] and installing of government of [[Italian Unification|United Italy]]. It was laid out according to a plan by the architect [[Salvatore Bianchi]]. The front of this station reached [[Via Cavour, Rome|Via Cavour]], which means it stuck some 200 metres deeper into the city than the current station.
In 1937, it was decided to replace the old station, as part of the planning for the [[Esposizione universale (1942)|1942 World's Fair]], which was never held because of the outbreak of [[World War II]]. The old station was demolished, and part of the new station was constructed, but works were halted in 1943 as the [[History of Italy as a monarchy and in the World Wars|Italian fascist government]] collapsed. The side structures of the design by [[Angiolo Mazzoni|Angiolo Mazzoni del Grande]] are still part of the current-day station.
==The terminal building today==
The current building was designed by the two teams selected through a competition in 1947: [[Leo Calini]] and [[Eugenio Montuori]]; [[Massimo Castellazzi]], [[Vasco Fadigati]], [[Achille Pintonello]] and [[Annibale Vitellozzi]]. It was inaugurated in 1950. The building is characterized by the linear lobby hall, a tall space of monumental dimensions. This great hall is fronted by full height glass walls, and is covered with a concrete roof that consists of a flattened and segmented arch, a modernist version of a barrel vault from a Roman bath. The vault is structurally integrated with a cantilevered canopy that extends over the entrance drive. The end result is a gravity-defying [[Modern architecture|modernist]] structure that also recalls a similar achievement of Roman architecture. The back of the hall leads to a transition space of ticketing functions before reaching the train shed, and is topped by an even longer building block that houses a 10-story hotel, clad with [[travertine]].
Architecturally, the building punctuates the sense of arrival to Rome, and communicates a sense of the Eternal City as both modern and traditional, looking forward to the future as well as remembering its history. Its bold presence in the urban fabric expresses the diversity of the City's history, and speaks of the dramatic new scale of the modern industrial economy of Italy.
The anodized aluminium frieze panels set in sequence along the length of the glass wall are the work of artist [[Amerigo Tot]]. The composition is about capturing the dynamics in sound and speed of a train.
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[[Categoria:Metro de Roma]]
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