Lista de aves fósseis

artigo de lista da Wikimedia
Disambig grey.svg Nota: Para a lista de aves subfósseis do final do Quaternário, veja Lista de aves subfósseis. Para aves que se extinguiram desde o ano de 1500 d.C., veja Lista de aves extintas.
Réplica do Archaeopteryx, a mais famosa ave fóssil

Lista taxonômica das aves fósseisEditar

Proto-avesEditar

 
Reconstrução do Epidendrosaurus ninchengensis. Scansoriopterygidae pode ser o parente mais próximo do Archaeopteryx.

 
Epidendrosaurus em cima de um Gingko

Basal AvesEditar

OmnivoropterygiformesEditar

Basal PygostyliaEditar

EnantiornithesEditar

 
Reconstrução do Iberomesornis romerali

EnantiornithiformesEditar

Basal Ornithurae[1]Editar

  • Formas basais e não-resolvidas
    • Gansus (Cretáceo Inferior) - basal
    • Archaeorhynchus (Cretáceo Inferior) - basal?
    • Apsaravis (Cretáceo Superior) - ambiortid?
    • Limenavis (Cretáceo Superior) - neornithine (paleognath)?
    • "cf. Parahesperornis" (Cretáceo Superior de Tsagaan Kushu, Mongólia) - hesperornithiform?
    • Ornithurae gen. et sp. indet. RBCM.EH2005.003.0001 (Cretáceo Superior)
    • Ornithurae gen. et sp. indet. TMP 98.68.145 (Dinosur Park Late Cretaceous of Iddesleigh, Canada) - hesperornithiform?
    • Carinatae gen. et sp. indet. NHMM/RD 271 (Cretáceo Superior) - ichthyornithine?
  • Ambiortidae

YanornithiformesEditar

HesperornithesEditar

 
Hesperornis

IchthyornithesEditar

 
Ichthyornis

NeornithesEditar

Formas basais e não-resolvidas

  • †Gallornis (Cretáceo Inferior? - Superior) - phoenicopteriforme, anseriforme ou galliforme
  • †Ceramornis (Cretáceo Superior) - charadriiforme?
  • †"Cimolopteryx" (Cretáceo Superior) - charadriiforme?
  • †Palintropus (Cretáceo Superior) - quercymegapodiid or charadriform
  • "Presbyornithidae" gen. et sp. indet. (Barun Goyot Late Cretaceous of Udan Sayr, Mongolia) - anseriform (presbyornithid)?
  • †Teviornis (Cretáceo Superior) - presbyornithid?
  • †Torotix (Cretáceo Superior) - pelecaniforme, charadriiforme, procellariiforme ou phoenicopteriforme
  • †Neornithes incerta sedis "Kurochkin 1995" (Cretáceo Superior da Mongólia) - phalacrocoracid?
  • †Neornithes incerta sedis AMNH FR 25272 (Cretáceo Superior de Converse County, USA) - phalacrocoracid?
  • †Neornithes incerta sedis PVPH 237 (Cretáceo Superior de Sierra de Portezuelo, Argentina) - galliform?
  • †Neornithes incerta sedis UCMP 117598 (Hell Creek Late Cretaceous of Bug Creek West, USA)
  • †Neornithes incerta sedis UCMP 117599 (Cretáceo Superior de Bug Creek West, USA) - anseriform?
  • †Lonchodytes (Cretáceo Superior/?Paleoceno Inferior) - gaviiform/pelecaniform? procellariiform?
  • †"Lonchodytes" pterygius (Cretáceo Superior/?Paleoceno Inferior) - charadriiforme?
  • †Novacaesareala (Cretáceo Superior/Paleoceno Inferior) - related to Torotix?
  • †"Palaeotringa" vetus (Cretáceo Superior de Wyoming - Hornerstown Late Cretaceous/?Early Palaeocene of New Jersey, USA) - gruiform? anseriform (presbyornithid)?
  • †Volgavis (Paleoceno Inferior de Volgograd, Rússia) - charadriiform? phalacrocoraciform?
  • †Eopuffinus (Paleoceno Superior de Zhylga, Cazaquistão) - procellariiform (procellariid)?
  • †Tshulia (Paleoceno Superior de Zhylga, Cazaquistão)
  • †Eupterornis (Paleoceno de Cernay, França) - charadriiforme (larid?)? gaviiform?
  • †Gradiornis (Paleoceno de Walbeck, Alemanha) - cariamid?
  • †"Messelornis" russelli (Paleoceno de Cernay, França) - messelornithid?
  • †Walbeckornis (Paleoceno de Walbeck, Alemanha) - charadriiforme? messelornithid?
  • †Argilliornis (Eoceno Inferior da Inglaterra) - procellariiforme (pelagornithid?)
  • †Argillipes (Eoceno Inferior da Inglaterra) - galliforme?
  • †Coturnipes (Eoceno Inferior da Inglaterra, e Virgínia, USA?) - galliforme, falconiforme?
  • †Fluviatitavis (Eoceno Inferior de Silveirinha, Portugal) - charadriiforme?
  • †Neanis (Eoceno Inferior) - primobucconid, piciforme?
  • †Neptuniavis (Eoceno Inferior da Inglaterra) - pelagornithid or procellariid
  • †Onychopteryx (Eoceno Inferior da Argentina) - falconid? A nomen dubium
  • †Paleophasianus (Eoceno Inferior de Bighorn County, USA) - galliforme (tetraonine or cracid) or gruiforme (aramid)?
  • †Paracathartes (Eoceno Inferior de WC USA) - lithornithiform?
  • †Parvigyps (Eoceno Inferior da Inglaterra) - falconiforme?
  • †Pediorallus (Eoceno Inferior da Inglaterra) - lithornithiforme ou galliforme?
  • †Percolinus (Eoceno Inferior da Inglaterra) - galliforme?
  • †"Precursor" (Eoceno Inferior) - several species? psittaciforme (pseudasturid or psittacid) + charadriiforme (glareolid)?
  • †Procuculus (Early Eocene of Bognor Regis, England) - parvicuculid? primobucconid? close to Primapus?
  • †Pulchrapollia (Early Eocene) - includes "Primobucco" olsoni - psittaciform (pseudasturid or psittacid)?
  • †Vastanavis (Early Eocene of Vastan, India) - gruiform (otidid)?
  • †Neornithes incerta sedis USNM 496384 (Nanjemoy Early Eocene of Virginia, USA) - parvicuculid? aegithalornithid?
  • †"Green River Palaeognath" USNM 336103 (Green River Early/middle Eocene)
  • †Palaeopsittacus (Early - middle Eocene of NW Europe) - caprimulgiform (podargid?) or quercypsittid?
  • †Eocathartes (middle Eocene of Germany) - cathartid?
  • †Eociconia (middle Eocene of China) - ciconiiform (ciconiid)?
  • †Geiseloceros (middle Eocene of Germany) - coraciiform?
  • †Hassiavis (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany) - archaeotrogonid, piciform?
  • †Protocypselomorphus (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany) - caprimulgiform, apodiform or ancestral to both
  • †Pumiliornis (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)
  • †Eobalearica (Ferghana Late? Eocene of Ferghana, Uzbekistan) - gruiform (gruid)?
  • †Ludiortyx (Late Eocene) - rallid, quercymegapodid? Includes "Tringa" hoffmanni, "Palaeortyx" blanchardi, "P." hoffmanni
  • †Minggangia (Late Eocene of China) - rallid, threskiornithid?
  • †Petropluvialis (Late Eocene of England) - may be same as Palaeopapia; anseriform?
  • †"Phasianus" alfhildae (Washakie B Late Eocene of Haystack Butte, USA) - gruiform, ciconiiform, phoenicopteriform?
  • †Talantatos (Late Eocene of Paris Bain, France) - gruiform (cariamid, idiornithid?)? Might include Elaphrocnemus and Filholornis
  • †Telecrex (Irdin Manha Late Eocene of Chimney Butte, Mongolia) - meleagrid or gruiform (rallid?)
  • †Neornithes incerta sedis AMNH FR 2941 (Irdin Manha Late Eocene of Chimney Butte, China) - falconiform (accipitrid)? gruiform (Eogrus)?
  • †"Falco" falconellus (or falconella; Eocene of Wyoming, USA) - falconiform (falconid)?
  • †"Colymboides" anglicus (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of Hordwell, England) - gaviiform? previously included in Palaeopapia eous
  • †Filholornis (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of France) - musophagid, cracid, carimid, idiornithid? Possibly belongs in Talantatos
  • †Geranopsis (Hordwell Late Eocene - Early Oligocene of England) - gruiform (gruid?) or anseriform (anseranatid?)?
  • †Elaphrocnemus (Quercy Phosphorites Late Eocene ?-middle Oligocene of Quercy, France) - idiornithid? Possibly belongs in Talantatos
  • †Agnopterus (Late Eocene - Late Oligocene of Europe) - phoenicopteriform or anseriform, includes "Cygnopterus" lambrechti
  • †Plesiocathartes (Late Eocene -? Early Miocene of SW Europe) - cathartid, leptosomid?
  • †Botauroides (Eocene of Wyoming, USA)- coliiform?
  • †Aminornis (Deseado Early Oligocene of Rio Deseado, Argentina) - gruiform (aramid)?
  • †Ciconiopsis (Deseado Early Oligocene of Patagonia, Argentina) - ciconiid?
  • †Climacarthrus (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina) - accipitrid? A nomen dubium
  • †Cruschedula (Deseado Early Oligocene of Golfo San Jorge, Argentina) - accipitrid? A nomen dubium
  • †Dolicopterus (Early Oligocene of Ronzon, France) - charadriiform (charadriid)? Not Dolichopterus as sometimes claimed
  • †Loncornis (Deseado Early Oligocene of Rio Deseado, Argentina) - gruiform (aramid)?
  • †Loxornis - anatid? (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina)
  • †Manu (Early Oligocene) - procellariiform (diomedeid)?
  • †Palaeocrex (Early Oligocene of Trigonias Quarry, USA) - rallid?
  • †Palaeopapia (Hampstead Early Oligocene of Isle of Wight, England) - anseriform?
  • †Paracygnopterus (Early Oligocene of Belgium and England) - anatid?
  • †"Pararallus" hassenkampi (Sieblos Dysodil Early Oligocene of Sieblos, Germany)
  • †Riacama (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina) - gruiform?
  • †Smiliornis (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina) - gruiform?
  • †Teracus (Early Oligocene of France)
  • †Teleornis (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina) - anatid?
  • †Pseudolarus (Deseado Early Oligocene - Miocene of Argentina) - gruiform?
  • †Neornithes incerta sedis BMNH PAL 4989 (Hampstead Early Oligocene of Isle of Wight, England) - formerly "Ptenornis" and included in Headonornis; anseriform?
  • †"Anas" creccoides (Early-mid Oligocene of Belgium) - anseriform?
  • †"Charadrius" sheppardianus (Florissant middle Oligocene of Florissant, USA) - charadriiform (charadriid?)
  • †Limicorallus (Indricotherium middle Oligocene of Chelkar-Teniz, Kazakhstan) - anatid?
  • †Megagallinula (Indricotherium middle Oligocene of Chelkar-Teniz, Kazakhstan)
  • †"Palaeorallus" alienus (middle Oligocene of Tatal-Gol, Mongolia) - galliform?
  • †"Vanellus" selysii (middle Oligocene of Rupelmonde, Belgium) - charadriiform (charadriid)?
  • †Anserpica (Late Oligocene of France) - gruiform (gruid?) or anseriform (anseranatid?)?
  • †Gnotornis (Brule Late Oligocene of Shannon County, USA) - gruiform (aramid)?
  • †Tiliornis (Late? Oligocene of Argentina) - phoenicopteriform? A nomen dubium
  • †Neornithes incerta sedis QM F40203 (Late Oligocene of Riversleigh, Australia) - gruiform (rallid)?
  • †Gaviella (Oligocene? of Wyoming, USA) - gaviiform? plotopterid?
  • †"Anas" skalicensis (Early Miocene of "Skalitz", Czechia) - anseriform?
  • †Chenornis (Early Miocene) - Anseriformes (Anatidae) or Pelecaniformes (Phalacrocoracidae)?
  • †"Propelargus" olseni (Hawthorne Early Miocene of Tallahassee, USA) - ciconiiform?
  • †Neornithes incerta sedis MNHN SA 1259-1263 (Early/Middle Miocene of Sansan, France) - passeriform?
  • †Anisolornis (Santa Cruz Middle Miocene of Karaihen, Argentina) - gruiform, galliform, tinamiform?
  • †"Ardea" perplexa (Middle Miocene of Sansan, France) - ardeid? strigiform?
  • †"Cygnus herrenthalsi" (Middle Miocene of Belgium)
  • †"Anas" risgoviensis (Late Miocene of Bavaria, Germany) - anseriform?
  • †"Ardea" aureliensis (Late Miocene of France) - ardeid?
  • †Eoneornis (Miocene of Argentina)- anatid? A nomen dubium
  • †Eutelornis (Miocene of Argentina) - anatid?
  • †Protibis (Miocene of Argentina) - ciconiiform (threskiornithid)?
  • †"Limnatornis" paludicola (Miocene of France) - coliid? phoeniculid?
  • †"Picus" gaudryi (Miocene of France) - piciform?
  • †"Ardea" lignitum (Late Pliocene of Germany) - ardeid? strigid (genus Bubo)?
  • †"Gavia" portisi (Late Pliocene of Orciano Pisano, Italy) - gaviiform? A nomen dubium
  • †Bathoceleus (Pliocene of New Providence, Bahamas) - picid?
  • †"Homalopus" - piciform? Preoccupied by a subgenus of Cryptocephalus leaf beetles described in 1835.
  • †Juncitarsus - phoenicopteriform?
  • †Kashinia - phoenicopteriform?
  • †"Liptornis" - pelecaniform (pelecanid)? A nomen dubium
  • †Pseudocrypturus - lithornithiform?
  • †Archaeotrogonidae - basal Cypselomorphae?
    • Archaeotrogonidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Eocene)
    • Archaeotrogon (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)
  • †Cladornithidae - pelecaniform?
    • Cladornis (Deseado Early Oligocene of Patagonia, Argentina)
  • †Eleutherornithidae
  • †Eocypselidae - apodiform (hemiprocnid?)? caprimulgiform? basal Cypselomorphae?
    • Eocypselus (Late Paleocene ?- Early Eocene of NC Europe)
  • †Eremopezidae - ratites?
  • †Foratidae - cuculiform?
  • †Fluvioviridavidae
  • †Gracilitarsidae - close to Sylphornithidae?
  • †Halcyornithidae - psittaciform (pseudasturid?), coraciiform?
  • †Laornithidae - charadriiform? gruiform?
  • †Messelasturidae - accipitrid? basal to Strigiformes?
    • Tynskya (Early Eocene of N America and England)
    • Messelastur (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)
  • †Palaeospizidae - passeriform? coraciiform?
    • Palaeospiza (Late Eocene of Florissant Fossil Beds, USA)
  • †Parvicuculidae - cypselomorph, cuculiform, primobucconid?
  • †Remiornithidae (Paleocene of France) - palaeognath?
  • †Sylphornithidae - cuculiform? coraciiform? close to Gracilitarsidae?
  • †Tytthostonygidae - procellariiform, pelecaniform?
  • †Zygodactylidae - near passerine, includes Primoscenidae
  • †"Graculavidae" - a paraphyletic form taxon, the "transitional shorebirds"
    • Graculavus (Late Cretaceous -? Early Palaeocene) - charadriiform?
    • Palaeotringa (Late Cretaceous/Early Palaeocene) - charadriiform?
    • Telmatornis (Late Cretaceous?) - charadriiform? gruiform? podicipediform?
    • Zhylgaia (Early Paleocene) - presbyornithid?
    • Scaniornis (Early/Middle Paleocene) - phoenicopteriform?
    • Dakotornis (Paleocene of North Dakota, USA)
    • Placement unresolved
      • "Graculavidae" gen. et sp. indet. (Gloucester County, USA)

StruthioniformesEditar

LithornithiformesEditar

  • Lithornithidae
    • Promusophaga (Eoceno Inferior)
    • Lithornis (Paleoceno - Eoceno Inferior)

TinamiformesEditar

  • Tinamidae
    • †Querandiornis (Ensenada Early/Middle Pleistocene of Argentina)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Tinamidae gen. et sp. indet. MACN-SC Fleagle Collection (Early - Middle Miocene of S Argentina) - at least 2 species
    • Prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Eudromia sp. (Late Miocene of La Pampa Province, Argentina)
      • Eudromia olsoni (Late Pliocene of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina)
      • Nothura parvula (Late Pliocene of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina) - formerly Cayeornis
      • Eudromia intermedia (Pliocene of Argentina) - formerly Tinamisornis
      • Nothura paludosa (Pleistocene of Argentina)

AnseriformesEditar

 
Dromornis
 
Genyornis
  • Basal and unresolved forms
    • †Vegavis (Late Cretaceous) - closer to Presbyornithidae and Anatidae than to Anseranatidae
    • †Anatalavis (Late Cretaceous/Early Paleocene - Early Eocene) - anseranatid or basal. Includes "Telmatornis" rex.
    • †Romainvillia (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene) - Anseranatidae or Anatidae
    • †Proherodius (Early Eocene) - presbyornithid?
    • †Paranyroca (Early Miocene) - Anatidae or own family?
  • Anhimidae - Screamers
    • †Chaunoides
  • †Dromornithidae - The Australian mihirungs or "demon ducks". The youngest genus (Genyornis) was encountered by humans.
  • Anseranatidae
    • Anseranatidae gen. et sp. nov (Late Oligocene)
  • †Presbyornithidae
    • Presbyornis (Paleocene - Early Oligocene)
    • Headonornis - only BMNH PAL 30325 belongs to this bird, may belong to Presbyornis.
    • Telmabates
  • Anatidae
    • †Eonessa (Eocene)
    • †Cygnavus (Early Oligocene - Early Miocene)
    • †Cygnopterus (middle Oligocene - Early Miocene) - sometimes included in Cygnavus
    • †Guguschia (Oligocene)
    • †Mionetta (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene) - includes "Anas" blanchardi, "A." consobrina, "A." natator
    • †Dunstanetta (Early/Middle Miocene)
    • †Manuherikia (Early/Middle Miocene)
    • †Matanas (Early/Middle Miocene)
    • †Miotadorna (Early/Middle Miocene)
    • †Megalodytes (Middle Miocene)
    • †Sinanas (Middle Miocene)
    • †Anserobranta (Late Miocene) - includes "Anas" robusta, validity doubtful
    • †Dendrochen (Late Miocene) - includes "Anas" integra
    • †Presbychen (Late Miocene)
    • †Afrocygnus (Late Miocene - Early Pliocene)
    • †Balcanas (Early Pliocene) - may belong in 'Tadorna
    • †Wasonaka (Middle Pliocene)
    • †Paracygnus (Late Pliocene)
    • †Anabernicula (Late Pliocene? - Late Pleistocene)
    • †Eremochen (Pliocene)
    • †Tirarinetta (Pliocene)
    • †Brantadorna (Middle Pleistocene)
    • †Nannonetta (Late Pleistocene of Peru)
    • †Aldabranas (Late Pleistocene)
    • Placement unresolved
      • "Anas" luederitzensis (Kalahari Early Miocene of Lüderitzbucht, Namibia)
      • "Oxura" doksana (Early Miocene)
      • Anatidae gen. et sp. indet. MNZ S42797 (Early/Middle Miocene)
      • "Aythya" chauvirae (Middle Miocene) - 2 species
      • "cf. Megalodytes" (Middle Miocene)
      • Anatidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene) - several species
      • "Anas" meyerii (Middle Miocene)
      • "Anas" velox (Middle - Late? Miocene) - may include "A." meyerii
      • "Anas" albae (Late Miocene of Polgárdi, Hungary) - formerly in Mergus
      • "Anas" isarensis (Late Miocene of Aumeister, Germany)
      • Anatidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)
      • "Anas" eppelsheimensis (Early Pliocene of Eppelsheim, Germany)
      • "Chenopis" nanus (Pleistocene) - at least 2 taxa, may be living species
    • Extant and recently extinct genera present in the fossil record
      • Somateria (middle Oligocene? - Recent)
      • Bucephala (Middle Miocene - Recent)
      • Clangula (Middle Miocene - Recent)
      • Cygnus (Late Miocene - Recent)
      • Histrionicus (Middle Miocene - Recent) - includes Ocyplonessa
      • Mergus (Middle Miocene - Recent)
      • Anas (Late Miocene - Recent)
      • Anser (Late Miocene - Recent) - includes Heterochen
      • Aythya (Late Miocene - Recent)
      • Branta (Late Miocene - Recent)
      • Oxyura (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene - Recent)
      • Chendytes (Early Pleistocene - Holocene)
      • Lophodytes (Late Pleistocene - Recent)
      • Neochen (Late Pleistocene - Recent)

GalliformesEditar

  • Placement unresolved
    • †Austinornis (Late Cretaceous) - tentatively placed here; formerly Graculavus/Ichthyornis/Pedioecetes lentus
    • †Procrax (middle Eocene? - Early Oligocene) - cracid? gallinuloidid?
    • †Palaeortyx (middle Eocene -? Early Pliocene) - phasianid or odontophorid
    • †Palaeonossax (Late Oligocene) - cracid?
    • †Taoperdix (Late Oligocene) - gallinuloidid? Includes "Tetrao" pessieti
    • †Archaealectrornis (Oligocene) - phasianid?
    • †Galliformes gen. et sp. indet. MCZ 342506 (Oligocene) - formerly in Gallinuloides; phasianid?
    • †Archaeophasianus (Oligocene? - Late Miocene) - tetraonid or phasianid
    • †Palaealectoris (Early Miocene) - tetraonid?
    • †Linquornis (middle Miocene)
    • †Palaeoalectoris (middle Miocene)
    • †Shandongornis (middle Miocene)
    • †"Cyrtonyx" tedfordi (Late Miocene)
  • †Gallinuloididae
    • Gallinuloides (Early/middle Eocene)
    • Paraortygoides (London Clay Early Eocene of Walton-on-the-Naze, England - middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)
  • †Paraortygidae
    • Pirortyx
    • Paraortyx
  • †Quercymegapodiidae
    • Quercymegapodius (middle Eocene - Early Oligocene)
    • Taubacrex (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of Brazil)
    • Ameripodius (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene of Brazil and France)
  • Megapodidae - Megapodes
    • †Ngawupodius
    • Prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Leipoa gallinacea - formerly Chosornis, Palaeopelargus, Progura
  • Cracidae
    • †Boreortalis (Early Miocene) - may be same as Ortalis
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Phasianidae - Pheasants, quails, partridges, grouse and turkeys
    • †Amitabha (Bridger middle Eocene of Forbidden City, USA)
    • †Schaubortyx (middle Eocene - Early Oligocene)
    • †Rhegminornis (Early Miocene of Bell, USA)
    • †Proagriocharis (Kimball Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lime Creek, USA)
    • †Chauvireria (Late Pliocene of Varshets, Bulgaria)
    • †Palaeocryptonyx (Late Pliocene of SW Europe) - including "Francolinus" minor, "F." subfrancolinus
    • †Miogallus
    • †Miophasianus
    • †Palaeoperdix
    • †Pliogallus
    • †Plioperdix
    • Placement unresolved
      • "Tympanuchus" stirtoni (Early Miocene of South Dakota)
      • Tetraoninae gen. et sp. indet. (Sajóvölgyi Middle Miocene of Mátraszõlõs, Hungary)
      • Meleagridae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene of Westmoreland County, USA)
      • "Tympanuchus" lulli (Pleistocene? of New Jersey)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Odontophoridae
    • †Nanortyx (Cypress Hills Early Oligocene of North Calf Creek, Canada)
    • †Miortyx (Rosebud Early Miocene of Flint Hill, USA)
    • †Neortyx (Early Pleistocene of Reddick, USA)
    • Placement unresolved
      • †Odontophoridae gen. et sp. indet. KUVP 9393 (White River Early/middle Oligocene of Logan County, USA)
    • Prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Cyrtonyx cooki (Late Miocene? of Upper Sheep Creek, USA)
      • Callipepla? shotwelli (Middle Pliocene of McKay Reservoir, USA) - formerly Lophortyx
      • Colinus hibbardi (Rexroad Late Pliocene of Rexroad, USA)
      • Colinus sp. (Late Pliocene of Benson, USA)
      • Colinus suilium (Early Pleistocene of SE USA)
      • Dendrortyx? sp. (Late Pleistocene of San Josecito Cavern, Mexico)

CharadriiformesEditar

  • Basal and unresolved taxa
    • †Charadriiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Late Cretaceous) - burhinid? basal?
    • †"Morsoravis" (Late Paleocene/Early Eocene) - a nomen nudum?
    • †Jiliniornis (middle Eocene) - charadriid?
    • †Boutersemia (Early Oligocene) - glareolid?
    • †Turnipax (Early Oligocene) - turnicid?
    • †Elorius (Early Miocene)
    • †"Larus" desnoyersii (Early Miocene of SE France) - larid? stercorarid?
    • †"Larus" pristinus (John Day Early Miocene of Willow Creek, USA) - larid?
    • †Charadriiformes gen. et spp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene) - several species, 1 probably larid
    • †Charadriiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene)
    • †"Totanus" teruelensis (Late Miocene of Los Mansuetos, Spain) - scolopacid? larid?
    • †"Actitis" balcanica (Late Pliocene of Varshets, Bulgaria) - scolopacid? charadriid?
  • Scolopacidae - Waders and snipes
    • †Paractitis (Early Oligocene)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Scolopacidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle - Late Miocene)
      • Scolopacidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Pliocene)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Limosa (Late Eocene? - Recent)
      • Tringa (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene? - Recent) - includes Totanus
      • Gallinago (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene - Recent)
      • Scolopax (Early/Middle Pliocene? - Recent)
      • Phalaropus (Middle Pliocene - Recent)
      • Actitis (Late Pliocene - Recent)
      • Numenius (Late Pleistocene - Recent) - includes Palnumenius
  • Jacanidae
    • †Nupharanassa (Early Oligocene)
    • †Janipes
    • Prehistoric species of extant genera
      • †Jacana farrandi
  • Laridae
    • †Laridae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Oligocene)
    • †Laricola (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene) - larid? Formerly "Larus" elegans and "L." totanoides
    • †Gaviota (Middle/Late Miocene)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Larus (Middle Miocene - Recent)
  • Alcidae
    • †Hydrotherikornis (Late Eocene of Oregon, USA)
    • †Petralca (Early ?- Late Oligocene of Austria)
    • †Miocepphus (Middle Miocene of CE USA)
    • †Alcodes (Late Miocene of Orange County, USA)
    • †Praemancalla (Late Miocene - Early Pliocene of Orange County, USA)
    • †Mancalla (Late Miocene - Early Pleistocene of W North America)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Stercorariidae
    • Prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Stercorarius sp. (Middle Miocene)
      • Stercorarius shufeldti (Fossil Lake Middle Pleistocene of WC USA)
      • Prehistoric subspecies of extant species
  • Glareolidae
    • †Paractiornis (Agate Fossil Beds Early Miocene of Sioux County, USA)
    • †Mioglareola (Early Miocene of Czechia) - formerly "Larus" dolnicensis
    • Prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Glareola neogena
  • Burhinidae
    • Prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Burhinus lucorum (Early Miocene)
      • Burhinus aquilonaris
      • Burhinus sp. (Cuba, West Indies)
      • Burhinus sp. (Late Pleistocene of Las Higueruelas, Spain)
      • Prehistoric subspecies of extant species
  • Charadriidae
    • †Limicolavis (John Day Early Miocene of Malheur County, USA)
    • †Viator (Late Pleistocene of Talara, Peru) - may be synonym of Vanellus (or Belanopteryx if valid)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Vanellus (Middle/Late Pleistocene - Recent) - includes Belanopteryx
    • Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Oreopholus orcesi
  • Recurvirostridae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
    • Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Recurvirostra sanctaeneboulae

GastornithiformesEditar

  • Gastornithidae
    • Gastornis (Late Paleocene - middle Eocene) - includes Diatryma
    • Gasthornithidae gen. et sp. indet. (Paleocene) - possibly Gastornis
    • Gasthornithidae gen. et sp. indet. YPM PU 13258 (Early Eocene) - possibly juvenile Gastornis giganteus
    • "Diatryma" cotei (middle-Late Eocene)
    • Zhongyuanus

GruiformesEditar

  • Placement unresolved
    • †Propelargus (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene) - cariamid or idiornithid
    • †Rupelrallus (Early Oligocene) - rallid? parvigruid?
    • †Badistornis (middle Oligocene) - aramid?
    • †Probalearica (Late Oligocene? - Middle Pliocene) - gruid? A nomen dubium?
    • †"Gruiformes" gen. et sp. indet. MNZ S42623 (Early/Middle Miocene) - Aptornithidae?
    • †Aramornis (Middle Miocene) - gruid? aramid?
    • †Euryonotus (Pleistocene) - rallid?
    • †Occitaniavis - cariamid or idiornithid, includes Geranopsis elatus
  • †Parvigruidae
    • Parvigrus (Early Oligocene of Pichovet, France)
  • †Songziidae - possibly a nomen nudum
  • Rallidae - Rails
    • †Eocrex (Early Eocene)
    • †Palaeorallus (Early Eocene)
    • †Parvirallus (Early - middle Eocene)
    • †Aletornis (middle Eocene) - includes Protogrus
    • †Fulicaletornis (middle Eocene)
    • †Latipons (middle Eocene)
    • †Ibidopsis (Late Eocene)
    • †Quercyrallus (Late Eocene -? Late Oligocene)
    • †Belgirallus (Early Oligocene)
    • †Rallicrex (Middle/Late Oligocene)
    • †Palaeoaramides (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene - Late Miocene)
    • †Paraortygometra (Late Oligocene/?Early Miocene -? Middle Miocene)
    • †Pararallus (Late Oligocene? - Late Miocene) - possibly belongs into Palaeoaramides
    • †Miofulica (Middle Miocene)
    • †Youngornis (Middle Miocene)
    • †Miorallus (Middle - Late Miocene)
    • †Creccoides (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene)
      • Rallidae gen. et spp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene) - several species
      • Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene)
      • Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)
      • Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP V55013/-14; UMMP V55012/V45750/V45746 (Late Pliocene)
      • Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP V29080 (Late Pliocene)
      • Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Bermuda, West Atlantic)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Gallinula (Late Oligocene - Recent)
      • Rallus (Middle Miocene - Recent) - includes Epirallus
      • Porzana (Middle? Miocene - Recent)
      • Fulica (Early Pliocene - Recent)
    • Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Coturnicops avita (Glenns Ferry Late Pliocene of Hagerman, USA)
      • Laterallus insignis (Rexroad Late Pliocene of Rexroad, USA)
      • Laterallus sp. (Late Pliocene of Macasphalt Shell Pit, USA)
  • †Eogruidae
    • Eogrus (Irdin Manha Middle/Late Eocene - Tung Gur Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Mongolia)
    • Sonogrus (Ergilin Dzo Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of Khor Dzan, Mongolia)
  • †Ergilornithidae - may belong in Eogruidae
    • Ergilornis (Early/middle Oligocene of Ergil-Obo, Mongolia)
    • Proergilornis (Early/middle Oligocene of Ergil-Obo, Mongolia)
    • Amphipelargus
    • Urmiornis - may belong into Amphipelargus
  • Gruidae
    • †Palaeogrus (middle Eocene of Germany and Italy - Middle Miocene of France)
    • †Camusia (Late Miocene of Menorca, Mediterranean)
    • †Pliogrus (Early Pliocene of Eppelsheim, Germany)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Gruidae gen. et sp. indet. - formerly Grus conferta (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Contra Costa County, USA)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Balearica (Early Miocene - Recent) - includes Basityto and Grus excelsa/Ornithocnemis excelsus
      • Grus (Middle/Late Miocene - Recent)
  • †Messelornithidae - Messel-birds
    • Itardiornis
    • Messelornis
  • †Salmilidae
    • Salmila
  • †Ameghinornithidae
    • Strigogyps - probably includes Aenigmavis and Ameghinornis
  • †Geranoididae
    • Eogeranoides (Willwood Early Eocene of Foster Gulch, USA)
    • Geranoides (Willwood Early Eocene of South Elk Creek, USA)
    • Palaeophasianus (Willwood Early Eocene of Bighorn County, USA)
    • Paragrus (Early Eocene of WC USA)
    • Geranodornis (Bridger middle Eocene of Church Buttes, USA)
  • †Bathornithidae
    • Eutreptornis (Uinta Late Eocene of Ouray Agency, USA)
    • Neocathartes (Late Eocene)
    • Palaeogyps (Early Oligocene of WC North America)
    • Bathornithidae gen. nov. (Early - middle Oligocene of C USA) - formerly Bathornis celeripes and B. cursor
    • Paracrax (Early/middle Oligocene of Gerry's Ranch, USA - Brule Late Oligocene of South Dakota, USA) - includes Oligocorax/Phalacrocorax mediterraneus
    • Bathornis (Early Oligocene - Early Miocene of C USA)
 
Paraphysornis

PhoenicopteriformesEditar

  • Placement unresolved
    • †Phoeniconotius (Etadunna Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of Lake Pitikanta, Australia)
  • †Palaelodidae
    • Adelalopus (Borgloon Early Oligocene of Hoogbutsel, Belgium)
    • Palaelodus (middle Oligocene -? Middle Pleistocene)
    • Megapaloelodus (Late Oligocene - Early Pliocene)
  • Phoenicopteridae
    • †Elornis (Middle? Eocene - Early Oligocene) - includes Actiornis
    • Placement unresolved
      • Phoenicopteridae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle? - Late Miocene)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record

PodicipediformesEditar

  • Podicipedidae
    • †Miobaptus (Early Miocene)
    • †Thiornis (Late Miocene -? Early Pliocene)
    • †Pliolymbus (Late Pliocene - Early? Pleistocene)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Podicipedidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Pliocene) - formerly included in Podiceps parvus
      • Podicipedidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP 49592, 52261, 51848, 52276, KUVP 4484 (Late Pliocene)
      • Podicipedidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record

CiconiiformesEditar

  • Placement unresolved
    • †Proplegadis (London Clay Early Eocene of England) - Threskiornithidae?
    • †"Teratornis" olsoni - Teratornithidae?
  • Ardeidae
    • †Calcardea (Paleocene)
    • †Proardea (Late Eocene ?- Late Oligocene)
    • †Xenerodiops (Early Oligocene)
    • †Zeltornis (Early Miocene)
    • †Ardeagradis
    • †Proardeola - possibly same as Proardea
    • Placement unresolved
      • "Anas" basaltica (Late Oligocene)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Scopidae
    • Prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Scopus xenopus
  • Threskiornithidae
    • †Threskiornithidae gen. et sp. indet. NMMP-KU 1301 (Pondaung middle Eocene of Paukkaung, Myanmar) - Threskiornithidae?
    • †Rhynchaeites (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany) - including Plumumida
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
    • Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Platalea tiangangensis (Xiacaowan Middle Miocene of Sihong, China)
      • Plegadis paganus (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of France) - formerly Eudocimus, including Milnea
      • Plegadis gracilis (Late Pliocene of WC USA)
      • Plegadis pharangites (Late Pliocene of WC USA)
      • Theristicus wetmorei (Late Pleistocene of Peru)
      • Eudocimus leiseyi (Early Pleistocene of Florida)
      • Eudocimus peruvianus (Late Pleistocene of Peru; may be living species)
      • Eudocimus sp. (Middle Pliocene of Florida)
 
Teratornis
  • †Teratornithidae - Teratorns
  • Cathartidae
    • †Diatropornis (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene -? middle Oligocene)
    • †Phasmagyps (Early Oligocene)
    • †Brasilogyps (Late Oligocene - Early Miocene)
    • †Hadrogyps (Middle Miocene)
    • †Pliogyps (Late Miocene - Late Pliocene)
    • †Perugyps (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene)
    • †Dryornis (Early - Late? Pliocene) - may belong to modern genus Vultur
    • †Aizenogyps (Late Pliocene)
    • †Breagyps (Late Pleistocene)
    • †Geronogyps (Late Pleistocene)
    • †Wingegyps (Late Pleistocene)
    • †Parasarcoramphus
    • Placement unresolved
      • Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene of Mongolia)
      • Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, USA)
      • Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Pliocene of Argentina)
      • Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Cuba)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Balaenicipitidae - Shoebills
    • †Goliathia (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of Egypt)
    • †Paludavis (Late Miocene of Tunisia and Pakistan)
  • Ciconiidae
    • †Palaeoephippiorhynchus (Early Oligocene of Fayyum, Egypt)
    • †Grallavis (Early Miocene of Saint-Gérand-le-Puy, France, and Djebel Zelten, Libya) - may be same as Prociconia
    • †Prociconia (Late Pleistocene of Brazil) - may belong to modern genus Jabiru or Ciconia
    • †Pelargosteon (Early Pleistocene)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. - formerly Aquilavus/Cygnus bilinicus (Early Miocene)
      • Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)
      • cf. Leptoptilos gen. et sp. indet. - formerly L. siwalicensis (Late Miocene? - Late Pliocene)
      • Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Pleistocene) - Ciconia or Mycteria?
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record

PelecaniformesEditar

  • Basal and unresolved forms
    • †"Sula" ronzoni (Early Oligocene of Ronzon, France) - formerly Mergus and Prophalacrocorax
  • †Prophaethontidae
    • Lithoptila (Late Paleocene - Early Eocene of Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco)
    • Prophaethon (Late Paleocene ?- Early Eocene)
  • Phaethontidae
    • †Phaethusavis (Early Eocene of Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco)
    • †Heliadornis (Miocene of North America and Europe)
  • Fregatidae
  • Sulidae
    • †Masillastega (middle Eocene)
    • †Eostega (Middle/Late Eocene)
    • †Empheresula (Late Oligocene - Middle Miocene)
    • †Microsula (Late Oligocene - Middle Miocene)
    • †Sarmatosula (Middle Miocene)
    • †Miosula (Late Miocene)
    • †Palaeosula (?Early Pliocene)
    • †Rhamphastosula (Early Pliocene)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Sulidae gen. et sp. indet. (Thalberg Late Oligocene of Germany)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Morus (Early Miocene - Recent)
      • Sula (Middle Pliocene - Recent)
 
Copepteryx
  • Phalacrocoracidae - Cormorants and shags
    • †Nectornis (Late Oligocene?/Early Miocene of C Europe - Middle Miocene of Bes-Konak, Turkey) - includes Oligocorax miocaenus
    • †"Valenticarbo" (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene) - a nomen dubium
    • Placement unresolved
      • †"Oligocorax" sp. (Late Oligocene of Enspel, Germany)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Phalacrocorax (Oligocene ?- Recent) - may be several genera. Includes Australocorax, Miocorax, Pliocarbo
  • †Plotopteridae
    • Copepteryx
    • Hokkaidornis
    • Phocavis
    • Plotopterum
    • Tonsala
  • †Protoplotidae
    • Protoplotus (Paleocene? - middle Eocene of Sumatra)
  • Anhingidae
    • †Meganhinga (Early Miocene)
    • †Macranhinga (Middle/Late Miocene -? Early Pliocene)
    • †Anhingidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle/Late Miocene)
    • †Giganhinga (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
 
Osteodontornis

ProcellariiformesEditar

  • Placement unresolved
    • Primodroma (Early Eocene)
  • †Diomedeoididae
    • Rupelornis (Early Oligocene of Belgium)
    • Diomedeoides (Early Oligocene ?-Early Miocene of C Europe and Iran) - includes Frigidafons, may be synonym of Rupelornis
  • Diomedeidae
    • †Murunkus (middle Eocene)
    • †Plotornis (Early - Middle Miocene) - includes "Puffinus" arvernensis
    • Placement unresolved
      • Diomedeidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene of South Carolina)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Hydrobatidae
    • Prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Oceanodroma hubbsi (Capistrano Middle/Late Miocene of Orange County, USA)
      • Oceanodroma sp.
      • Pelagodroma sp. 1
      • Pelagodroma sp. 2
  • Procellariidae
    • †Argyrodyptes (San Julián Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of Chubut, Argentina)
    • †Pterodromoides
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Pelecanoididae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record

GaviiformesEditar

  • Gaviidae
    • †Colymboides (Late Eocene - Early Miocene) - includes Hydrornis
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Gavia (Early Miocene - Recent)

SphenisciformesEditar

 
Waimanu
 
Icadyptes

PteroclidiformesEditar

ColumbiformesEditar

  • Columbidae
    • †Gerandia (Early Miocene)
    • Placement unresolved
      • †Columbidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record

PsittaciformesEditar

Unresolved and basal fossil parrots:

  • †Mopsitta (Early Eocene) - psittacid?
  • †Psittacopes (Early/middle Eocene)
  • †Serudaptus - pseudasturid or psittacid?
  • †Pseudasturidae (= Halcyornithidae?)
    • Pseudasturidae FU 125 gen. et sp. indet. (Early Eocene)
    • Pseudasturides - formerly Pseudastur
  • †Quercypsittidae
  • Cacatuidae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Psittacidae
    • †Archaeopsittacus (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene)
    • †Xenopsitta (Early Miocene)
    • †Psittacidae gen. et spp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene) - several species
    • †Bavaripsitta (Middle Miocene)
    • †Psittacidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene) - erroneously placed in Pararallus dispar, includes "Psittacus" lartetianus
    • Extant and recently extinct genera present in the fossil record

OpisthocomiformesEditar

  • Opisthocomidae
    • †Hoazinoides (Mioceno Superior)
    • †Hoatzi - may be same as Foro

CuculiformesEditar

  • Placement unresolved
    • Cuculiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Early Eocene)
  • Musophagidae
    • †Veflintornis (Middle Miocene) - formerly Apopempsis
    • Placement unresolved
      • Musophagidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene - Middle Miocene of WC Europe)
      • "Apopempsis" africanus (Early Miocene) - formerly Musophaga, might belong in Veflintornis
      • Musophagidae gen. et sp. indet. (Egypt)
  • Cuculidae
    • †Eocuculus (Late Eocene)
    • †Dynamopterus (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)
    • †Neococcyx (Early Oligocene)
    • †Cursoricoccyx (Early Miocene)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Cuculidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Pliocene)

FalconiformesEditar

  • Unresolved and basal forms
  • †Horusornithidae
  • Pandionidae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Sagittariidae
    • †Pelargopappus (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene - Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of France) - formerly Amphiserpentarius/Amynoptilon/Pelargopsis
  • Accipitridae
    • †Milvoides (Late Eocene)
    • †Aquilavus (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene - Early Miocene)
    • †Palaeocircus (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)
    • †Palaeastur (Early Miocene)
    • †Pengana (Early Miocene)
    • †Promilio (Early Miocene)
    • †Proictinia (Early - Late Miocene/Early Pliocene)
    • †Neophrontops (Early/middle Miocene - Late Pleistocene) - formerly in Neophron
    • †Mioaegypius (middle Miocene)
    • †Apatosagittarius (Late Miocene)
    • †Palaeoborus (Miocene)
    • †Qiluornis (Miocene)
    • †Thegornis (Miocene)
    • †Garganoaetus (Early Pliocene)
    • †Amplibuteo (Late Pliocene of Peru - Late Pleistocene) - may belong to extant genus Harpyhaliaetus (or Buteogallus)
    • †Neogyps
    • †Palaeohierax - includes "Aquila" gervaisii
    • †Wetmoregyps - formerly Morphnus daggetti
    • Placement unresolved
      • Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. AMNH FR 7434 (Early Eocene)
      • Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Oligocene)
      • Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene)
      • Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Pliocene) - Parabuteo?
      • Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene) - Buteo?
      • Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Egypt)
      • "Aquila" danana (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene) - formerly also Geranoaetus or Buteo
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Haliaeetus (Early Oligocene - Recent)
      • Buteo (middle Oligocene - Recent)
      • Aquila (Middle? Miocene - Recent)
      • Buteogallus (Middle Miocene - Recent) - might include Harpyhaliaetus
      • "Hieraaetus" (Middle Miocene - Recent) - doubtfully distinct from Aquila
      • Milvus (Early Pleistocene - Recent)
      • Gyps (Middle Pleistocene - Recent)
    • Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
  • Falconidae
    • †Parvulivenator (Early Eocene)
    • †Stintonornis (Early Eocene)
    • †Badiostes (Early Miocene)
    • †Pediohierax (Middle Miocene) - formerly Falco ramenta
    • Placement unresolved
      • Falconidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)
      • "Sushkinia" pliocaena (Early Pliocene) - belongs into Falco?
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Falco (Late Miocene? - Recent)
      • Milvago (Late Pleistocene - Recent)
      • Caracara (Late Pleistocene - Recent) - formerly Polyborus

CaprimulgiformesEditar

Apparently paraphyletic.

  • Placement unresolved
    • †Paraprefica (Early Eocene?) - Steatornithidae or Nyctibiidae
  • Steatornithidae
    • †Prefica
    • Prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Steatornis sp.
  • Podargidae
    • †Masillapodargus
    • †Quercypodargus
  • Nyctibiidae
    • †Euronyctibius
  • Caprimulgidae
    • †Ventivorus

AegotheliformesEditar

  • Aegothelidae
    • †Quipollornis (Early/Middle Miocene)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record

ApodiformesEditar

  • Basal and unresolved forms
    • †Primapus (Early Eocene) - aegialornithid or apodid
    • †Parargornis (middle Eocene) - jungornithid, trochilid, basal as Argornis?
    • †Argornis (Late Eocene) - basal to Jungornithidae and Trochilidae
    • †Cypselavus (Late Eocene - Early Oligocene) - aegialornithid or hemiprocnid
  • †Aegialornithidae
  • †Jungornithidae
    • Jungornis (Early Oligocene of N Caucasus, Russia)
    • Palescyvus
    • Laputavis
  • Trochilidae
    • †Eurotrochilus (Early Oligocene of Frauenweiler, Germany)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Trochilidae sp. et gen. indet. (Bahamas, West Indies)
      • Trochilidae sp. et gen. indet. (Brazil)
  • Apodidae
    • †Scaniacypselus (Early - middle Eocene)
    • †Procypseloides (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene - Early Miocene)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record

ColiiformesEditar

  • Unresolved and basal forms
    • †Chascacocolius (Paleoceno Superior? - Eoceno Médio) - basal? sandcoleid?
    • †Eocolius (Mioceno Inferior) - sandcoleid or coliid
    • †Selmes (Eoceno Médio? - Oligoceno Superior) - coliid?, possibly synonym of Primocolius
    • †Limnatornis (Mioceno Inferior) - coliid? (Urocolius?) Includes "Picus" consobrinus
    • †"Picus" archiaci (Mioceno Inferior) - Limnatornis? coliid? (Urocolius?)
    • †Necrornis (Mioceno Médio) - coliid? (Colius?)
    • †Coliiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Mioceno Superior) - coliid? (Colius, Urocolius?)
    • †Eobucco - sandcoleid?
    • †Uintornis - sandcoleid?
  • †Sandcoleidae
    • Sandcoleus (Paleoceno)
    • Anneavis
    • Eoglaucidium
  • Coliidae
    • †Primocolius (Eoceno Superior/Oligoceno)
    • †Oligocolius (Oligoceno Inferior)
    • †Masillacolius (Eoceno Médio)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record

StrigiformesEditar

  • Unresolved and basal forms
    • †Berruornis (Late Paleocene) - basal? Sophornithidae?
    • †Strigiformes gen. et ap. indet. (Late Paleocene)
    • †Palaeoglaux (middle - Late Eocene) - own family Palaeoglaucidae or Strigidae?
    • †Palaeobyas (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene) - Tytonidae? Sophiornithidae?
    • †Palaeotyto (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene) - Tytonidae?
    • †Strigiformes gen. et spp. indet. (Early Oligocene)
  • †Ogygoptyngidae
    • †Ogygoptynx (Middle/Late Paleocene)
  • †Protostrigidae
    • Eostrix (Early - middle Eocene)
    • Minerva (middle - Late Eocene) - formerly Protostrix, includes "Aquila" ferox, "Aquila" lydekkeri, and "Bubo" leptosteus
    • Oligostrix (middle Oligocene)
  • †Sophiornithidae
    • Sophiornis
  • Strigidae - Typical owls
    • †Mioglaux (Late Oligocene? - Early Miocene) - includes "Bubo" poirreiri
    • †Intutula (Early/Middle -? Late Miocene) - includes "Strix/Ninox" brevis
    • †Alasio (Middle Miocene) - includes "Strix" collongensis
    • Placement unresolved
      • †"Otus" wintershofensis (Early/Middle Miocene) - may be close to extant genus Ninox
      • †"Strix" edwardsi (Late Miocene)
      • †"Asio" pygmaeus (Early Pliocene)
      • Strigidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP V31030 (Late Pliocene) - Strix/Bubo?
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Strix (Early Miocene - Recent)
      • Bubo (Late Miocene? - Recent)
      • Asio (Late Pliocene - Recent)
      • Athene (Late Pliocene - Recent)
      • Glaucidium (Late Pliocene - Recent)
      • Surnia (Late Pliocene - Recent)
      • Pulsatrix (Late Pleistocene - Recent)
  • Tytonidae - Barn Owls
    • †Necrobyas (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene - Early Miocene)
    • †Prosybris (Early Oligocene? - Early Miocene)
    • †Nocturnavis
    • †Selenornis
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Tyto (Late Miocene - Recent)

CoraciiformesEditar

  • Basal and unresolved forms
    • †Quasisyndactylus (middle Eocene) - alcediniform, basal?
    • †Cryptornis (Late Eocene) - bucerotid? geranopterid?
    • † Coraciiformes gen. et spp. indet. PQ 1216, QU 15640 (Late Eocene) - 2 species
  • †Geranopteridae
    • Geranopterus (Late Eocene - Early Miocene) - includes "Nupharanassa" bohemica
  • †Eocoraciidae
    • Eocoracias (middle Eocene)
  • †Primobucconidae - coraciiform?
    • Primobucco (Early - middle Eocene)
  • Todidae - Todies
    • †Palaeotodus
  • Motmotidae - Motmots
    • †Protornis (Oligocene)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Momotidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)
  • †Messelirrisoridae
  • Bucerotidae - Hornbills
    • †Euroceros (Late Miocene of Hadzhidimovo, Bulgaria)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record

TrogoniformesEditar

  • Trogonidae
    • †Septentrogon (Fur Late Paleocene/Early Eocene of Ejerslev, Denmark)
    • †Primotrogon (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany? - Early Oligocene of France)
    • †Paratrogon (Early Miocene of France)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Trogonidae gen. et sp. indet. 1 (NW Europe)
      • Trogonidae gen. et sp. indet. 2 (NW Europe)

PiciformesEditar

  • Placement unresolved
    • †Piciformes gen. et sp. indet. IRScNB Av 65 (Early Oligocene)
    • †Rupelramphastoides (Early Oligocene) - ramphastid?
    • †Piciformes gen. et sp. indet. SMF Av 429 (Late Oligocene)
    • †Capitonides (Early - Middle Miocene) - ramphastid? "capitonid" (Lybiidae, Megalaimidae)? own family Capitonididae?
    • †Pici gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene) - "capitonid" (Lybiidae, Megalaimidae?)
  • †Miopiconidae
    • Miopico
  • Lybiidae
    • †Lybiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene) - extant genus Pogoniulus?
  • Picidae
    • †Palaeopicus (Late Oligocene)
    • †Palaeonerpes (Early Pliocene)
    • †Pliopicus (Early Pliocene)
    • Placement unresolved
      • Picidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene)
      • Picidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)
      • cf. Colaptes DMNH 1262 (Early Pliocene of Ainsworth, USA)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record

PasseriformesEditar

  • Placement unresolved
    • †Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Early Eocene) - several species, oscine?
    • †Wieslochia (Early Oligocene)
    • †Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Late Oligocene) - several suboscine and oscine species
    • †Certhiops (Early Miocene of Germany) - basal Certhioidea
    • †Passeriformes gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene) - suboscine?
    • †Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene) - several species, oscine?
    • †Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Middle Miocene) - several species, basal?
    • †Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Middle Miocene) - several species, oscine?
    • †"Palaeostruthus" eurius (Pliocene)
  • Eurylaimidae
    • Placement unresolved
      • Eurylaimidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Miocene)
  • †Palaeoscinidae
    • Paleoscinis (Late Miocene)
  • Furnariidae
    • †Pseudoseisuropsis (Late Pleistocene of Uruguyay)
    • Prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Pseudoseisura cursor (Ensenada Early/Middle Pleistocene of Anchorena, Argentina)
      • Cinclodes major (Middle Pleistocene of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina)
  • Menuridae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Menura (Early Miocene - Recent)
  • Meliphagidae
    • Placement unresolved
      • Meliphagidae gen. et spp. indet. (Middle/Late Miocene - Pliocene of Riversleigh, Australia) - at least 7 spp., some may be from extant genera
  • Orthonychidae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Oriolidae - Orioles and Figbird
    • †Longimornis (Early Miocene of Riversleigh, Australia)
  • Artamidae
    • Placement unresolved
      • Artamidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene) - cracticine
  • Corvidae
    • †Miocorvus (Middle Miocene)
    • †Miopica (Middle Miocene)
    • †Miocitta (Late Miocene)
    • †Protocitta (Early Pleistocene)
    • †Henocitta (Middle Pleistocene)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
    • Placement unresolved
      • Corvidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Pliocene)
      • Corvidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Pleistocene) - probably belongs into extant genus
  • Laniidae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Lanius (Early Miocene - Recent)
  • Regulidae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Megaluridae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Acrocephalidae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Motacillidae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Fringillidae
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Loxia (Late Pliocene - Recent)
    • Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Coccothraustes simeonovi (Late Pliocene of Varshets, Bulgaria)
      • Coccothraustes balcanicus
  • Icteridae
    • †Pandanaris (Pleistocene)
    • †Pyelorhamphus (Pleistocene)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
  • Cardinalidae
    • Placement unresolved
      • ?Passerina sp. (Early Pliocene of Yepómera, Mexico)
  • Emberizidae
    • †Pampaemberiza (Middle Pleistocene of Necochea, Argentina)
    • Extant genera present in the fossil record
      • Ammodramus (Late Miocene - Recent) - includes Palaeostruthus
    • Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
      • Pipilo angelensis (Pleistocene of Rancho La Brea, USA)

Aves incertae sedisEditar

  • †Aberratiodontus (Cretáceo Inferior) - enantiornithine? (own family?) Same as Yanornis?
  • †Dalingheornis (Cretáceo Inferior) - enantiornithine?
  • †Holbotia (Cretáceo Inferior de Andaikhudag, Mongólia) - basal pygostylian?
  • †Hongshanornis (Cretáceo Inferior da China) - pygostylian? ornithurine?
  • †"Jibeinia" (Cretáceo Inferior) - euenantiornithine? A nomen dubium
  • †Nanantius (Cretáceo Inferior) - enantiornithine?
  • †Otogornis (Cretáceo Inferior de Yike Zhaomeng, China) - basal pygostylian? enantiornithine (cathayornithid)?
  • †Paraprotopteryx (Cretáceo Inferior de Fengning, China) - enantiornithine?
  • †Protopteryx (Cretáceo Inferior da China) - enantiornithine?
  • †Wyleyia (Cretáceo Inferior) - basal enantiornithine? neornithine (paleognath)?
  • †Zhongornis (Cretáceo Inferior) - basal avian or juvenile confuciusornithid?
  • †Aves gen. et sp. indet. Sahat Sakhan Dinosaur Research Centre collection, unnumbered (Sao Khua Early Cretaceous of Khok Kong, Thailand) - ornithurine?
  • † Maniraptora gen. et sp. indet. IVPP V11309 (Yixian Early Cretaceous of Jianshangou, China) - basal pygostylian? therizinosaur (close to Beipiaosaurus?)?
  • †Aves? gen. et sp. indet. NMC 50852 (Early/Late Cretaceous of Kem Kem region, Morocco) - avian? dromaeosaurid (close to Rahonavis)?
  • †Alamitornis (Los Alamitos Formation Late Cretaceous of Los Alamitos, Argentina) - pygostylian (related to Patagopteryx)?
  • †Apatornis (Cretáceo Superior) - neornithine (anseriform)?
  • †"Cerebavis" (Cretáceo Superior) - enantiornithine? A nomen dubium
  • †"Elopteryx" (Cretáceo Superior) - pygostylian? non-avian dinosaur? A nomen dubium
  • †Euornithes gen. et sp. indet. (Cretáceo Superior de Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
  • †Gargantuavis (Cretáceo Superior) - pygostylian? (enantiornithine?) basal ornithurine?
  • †Hulsanpes (Cretáceo Superior) - basal avian? non-avian dinosaur?
  • †Iaceornis (Cretáceo Superior de Gove County, USA) - neornithine or basal ornithurine
  • †Ornithurae gen. et sp. indet. IGM 100/1309 (Nemegt Late Cretaceous of Tsagaan Kushu, Mongolia) - presbyornithid?
  • †Ornithurae gen. et sp. indet. IGM 100/1310 (Nemegt Late Cretaceous of Tsagaan Kushu, Mongolia) - basal?
  • †Horezmavis (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan) - enantiornithine (gobipterygiform?), basal ornithurine or gruiform
  • †"Ichthyornis" minusculus (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan) - enantiornithine?
  • †cf. Nanantius (Cretáceo Superior de Kyzyl Kum, Uzbequistão) - enantiornithine?
  • †Neogaeornis (Cretáceo Superior) - baptornithid or neornithine (gaviiform, procellariiform?)
  • †Patagopteryx (Cretáceo Superior) - pygostylian? (enantiornithine?)
  • †Piksi (Cretáceo Superior de Montana) - ornithothoracine (perhaps distinct lineage), basal ornithurine or neornithine?
  • †Platanavis (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan)
  • †Potamornis (Cretáceo Superior) - hesperornithid? baptornithid? enaliornithid?
  • †Vorona (Cretáceo Superior) - enantiornithine? basal ornithuromorph?
  • †UCMP 143274 (Cretáceo Superior de Niobrara County, USA) - psittaciform? non-avian?
  • †Polarornis (Cretáceo Superior ou Eoceno) - gaviiform or pygostylian, may be synonym of Neogaeornis
  • †Yandangornis (Cretáceo Superior) - basal avian? non-avian dinosaur?
  • †Guildavis (Cretáceo de Wallace County, USA) - neornithine or basal ornithurine
  • †Qinornis (Paleoceno Inferior/Médio de Luonan, China) - neornithine?
  • †"Cathayornis" aberransis
  • †"Cathayornis" caudatus
  • †Gobipipus
  • †"Ichthyornis" maltshevskyi
  • †Chaoyangidae
    • Chaoyangia (Cretáceo Inferior de Liaoning, China)
  • Zhyraornithidae

LiaoningornithiformesEditar

  • Liaoningornithidae

EurolimnornithiformesEditar

PalaeocursornithiformesEditar

Referências

  1. ↑ Fide Gauther & de Queiroz (2001)

BibliografiaEditar

  • Chiappe, Luis M. (2001): The rise of birds. In: Briggs, Derek E.G. & Crowther, P.R. (eds.): Palaeobiology II: A Synthesis: 102-106. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
  • Chiappe, Luis M. (2002): Basal bird phylogeny: problems and solutions. In: Chiappe, L.M. and Witmer, L.M. (eds.): Mesozoic Birds: Above the Heads of Dinosaurs: 448-472. University of California Press, Berkeley, USA.
  • Clarke, Julia A.; Zhou, Zhonghe & Zhang, Fucheng (2006): Insight into the evolution of avian flight from a new clade of Early Cretaceous ornithurines from China and the morphology of Yixianornis grabaui. Journal of Anatomy 208 (3):287-308. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00534.x PDF fulltext[ligação inativa] Electronic Appendix
  • Gauthier, Jacques A. & de Queiroz, Kevin (2001): Feathered dinosaurs, flying dinosaurs, crown dinosaurs, and the name "Aves". In: Gauthier, Jacques & Gall, L.F. (eds.): New Perspectives on the Origin and Early Evolution of Birds: Proceedings of the International Symposium in Honor of John H. Ostrom: 7-41. Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
  • Mortimer, Michael (2004): The Theropod Database: Phylogeny of taxa. Retrieved 2008-AUG-14.
  • Olson, Storrs L. (1985): The fossil record of birds. In: Farner, D.S.; King, J.R. & Parkes, Kenneth C. (eds.): Avian Biology 8: 79-238. Academic Press, New York.
  • Sereno, Paul Callistus (2005): TaxonSearch: Stem Archosauria. Version 1.0, November 7, 2005. Retrieved 2007-APR-30.

Ligações externasEditar

 
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