Gundebaldo: diferenças entre revisões

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Em 494/496 o bispo [[Epifânio de Pavia]] visitou a Borgonha, possivelmente devido ao casamento do filho de Gundobad, [[Sigismundo]] com a filha de Teodorico. Nesta visita, [[Magnus Felix Ennodius]] descreve Godegisel como ''germanus regis'', o irmão do rei e não o rei - contradição com gregório de Tours.<ref>Ennodius, ''Vita Epifani'', 174; Shanzer and Wood, ''Avitus of Vienne'', pp. 17f</ref>
 
Gregório de Tours fala sobre a batalha com seu terceiro irmão, Godegisel, tendo sido bastante longa. Como nao conseguiam vencer, ambos entraram em contato com Clóvis a fim de persuadí-lo a juntarem forças. Clóvis ficou do lado de Godegisel, que ofereceu-lhe tributos; Wood observa que a esposa de Clóvis, CLotilde, cujo pai foi morto por Gundobad, "não encorajava manter relações entre Francos e o povo da Borgonha".<ref>Wood, ''The Merovingian Kingdoms'', p. 43</ref> Juntos, eles esmagaram as forças de Gundobad. Gundobad fugiu mais o Rei Clóvis o perseguiu até [[Avignon]]. Gundobad temeu o pior com o exército de Clóvis nas portas da cidade. O escritor [[Marius de Avenches]] data este conflito em [[500]].
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Gundobad, mais tarde, quebrou a promessa do tributo assim que conquistou mais poder e subjugou Godegisel, deixando-o trancafiado na cidade de Viena. Como a fome assolou Viena, Godegisel expulsou o povo da cidade por medo. Um artesão que foi expulso, em busca de vingança contra Godegisel, foi falar com Gundobad, e com a ajuda dele navegou por um [[aqueoduto]] e adentrou na cidade. Gundobad assassinou Godegisel em [[501]] em uma Igreja Ariana, junto com o bispo.<ref>Gregory of Tours, ''History'', 2.33</ref>
Gregory of Tours states the battle with his third brother, Godegisel, raged long. Unaware of the other's actions, each called upon Clovis trying to persuade him to join forces against the other. Clovis sided with Godegisel, who had offered him his pleasure of tribute; Wood observes archly that Clovis' wife, Clotilde, whose father had been killed by Gundobad, "was not likely to encourage good relations between the Franks and the Burgundians."<ref>Wood, ''The Merovingian Kingdoms'', p. 43</ref> Together they crushed Gundobad's force. Gundobad fled but King Clovis pursued him to [[Avignon]]. Gundobad feared the worst with Clovis's army at the gates. But one Aridius went from Gundobad to Clovis and convinced him to spare Gundobad in return for a yearly tribute.<ref>Gregory of Tours, ''History'', 2.32</ref> The chronicler [[Marius of Avenches]] dates this conflict to 500.
 
Após a morte do Rei Clóvis dos Francos em [[511]], o povo da Borgonha tornou-se muito importante na [[Gália]]. Foram favorecidos pela corte de [[Constantinopla]], que a presenteou com um título de ''[[magister militum]]''.<ref>Wood, ''The Merovingian Kingdoms'', p. 51</ref> Gundobad morreu em paz, sucedido por seu filho [[Sigismundo da Borgonha]] em [[516]]. Também teve outro filho: [[Godomar]], que sucederia o irmão após sua morte em [[524]].
Gundobad later broke his promise of tribute as he regained his power and besieged Godegisel, locked up in the city of Vienne. As famine devoured Vienne, Godegisel expelled the common people from the city for fear for himself. An outraged expelled artisan seeking vengeance on Godegisel went to Gundobad, and with his help he navigated the aqueduct and broke into the city. Gundobad murdered Godegisel in 501 in an [[Arianism|Arian]] church along with the bishop.<ref>Gregory of Tours, ''History'', 2.33</ref>
 
The next event about which information has survived is Gundobad's role concerning the [[Battle of Vouillé]]. He was one of several rulers to whom [[Theoderic the Great]] sent letters urging peace, and asking for mediation between [[Alaric II]] and Clovis.<ref>Cassiodorus, ''Variae'', III.2</ref> Despite Theoderic's best efforts, the two kings met at Vouillé, and Alaric was slain; according to [[Isidore of Seville]], Gundobad supported Clovis in this battle. Isidore also provides a hint that Gundobad exploited the Visigothic weakness by plundering [[Narbonne]] at some point before 510.<ref>Isidore, ''History of the Goths'', chapters 36, 37. Translation by Guido Donini and Gordon B. Ford, ''Isidore of Seville's History of the Goths, Vandals, and Suevi'', second revised edition (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1970), p. 18</ref>
 
Following the death of King Clovis of the Franks in 511, the Burgundians became the most prestigious people in Gaul. He was favored by the court of Constantinople, who awarded him the title of ''[[magister militum]]''.<ref>Wood, ''The Merovingian Kingdoms'', p. 51</ref> Gundobad died peacefully, succeeded by his son [[Sigismund of Burgundy|Sigismund]] in 516. He also had another son: [[Godomar]], who would succeed his brother after his death in 524.
 
== Learning ==
In some of the manuscripts of the ''[[Lex Burgundionum]]'', Gundobad named as publishing this code of law on 29 March of the second year of his reign. However there are a number of inconsistencies in this ascription, and L. R. deSalis proposed a restored version of this passage which does not include a date -- which would better fit the reign of his son, Sigismund. Although she accepts the strong likelihood that the ''Lex Burgundionum'' as we have it was the product of Sigismund's reign, Katherine Fisher Drew still argues that a core of this law code is the product of Gundobad or his chancellery.<ref>Drew, ''The Burgundian code: book of constitutions or law of Gundobad'' (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 1972), pp. 5-8, 17</ref>
 
The letters of bishop Avitus and [[Cassiodorus]] provide glimpses of Gundobad's intellectual side. Avitus, a Catholic bishop, answers questions posed by an [[Arianism|Arian Christian]] about religion in several letters, showing a surprising religious tolerance for the time, and may be the reason Gregory of Tours later thought he had secretly converted to Catholicism.<ref>''Epistulae'' 22, 30; Gregory of Tours, ''History'', 2.33</ref> Cassidorus' ''Variae'' includes a group of letters which discuss obtaining and sending a time piece to Gundobad as a diplomatic present.<ref>''Variae'', I.45,46</ref>
 
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[[Categoria:Borgonha]]
[[Categoria:Reis da Borgonha]]
[[Categoria:Mortos em 516]]