Usuário:Gato Preto/Testes/10: diferenças entre revisões
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Linha 7:
[[File:Golos Truda 14-12-1914.jpg|thumb|left|December 4, 1914.]]
Após a repressão da Revolução Russa de 1905 e o exílio dos dissidentes políticos do Império Russo, os jornais russos em Nova Iorque cresceram e prosperaram.<ref name="rischin">{{Cite book|last=Rischin|first=Moses|title=The Promised City: New York's Jews, 1870-1914|publisher=[[Harvard University Press]]|authorlink=Moses Rischin|location=Cambridge|year=1977|isbn=0-674-71501-2|oclc=3650290|page=129|editora=|ano=|local=|páginas=|acessodata=1 de maio de 2018}}</ref>
Following the suppression of the [[Russian Revolution of 1905]] and the consequent exile of political dissidents from the Russian Empire, Russian-language journalism in New York City enjoyed a revival.<ref name=rischin>{{Cite book| last = Rischin | first = Moses | title = The Promised City: New York's Jews, 1870-1914 | publisher = [[Harvard University Press]] |authorlink=Moses Rischin | location = Cambridge | year = 1977 | isbn = 0-674-71501-2 |oclc=3650290 |page=129}}</ref> Among the fledgling publications were a number of political newspapers and labor union periodicals,<ref name=rischin/> including ''Golos Truda'', which the [[Union of Russian Workers in the United States and Canada]] began publishing in the city in 1911, initially on a monthly basis.<ref>{{Harvnb|Avrich|2006|p=255}}</ref> The newspaper adopted its ideology an anarchist version of syndicalism, a fusion of trade unionism and [[anarchist schools of thought|anarchist philosophy]] which had emerged from the 1907 [[International Anarchist Congress of Amsterdam]] and along similar lines in America through the influential [[Industrial Workers of the World]].<ref name=vincent>{{Cite book| last = Vincent | first = Andrew | title = Modern Political Ideologies | publisher = Wiley-Blackwell |edition=third | year = 2009 | isbn = 978-1-4051-5495-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=igrwb3rsOOUC&lpg=PA118&dq=%22anarcho-syndicalism%22&pg=PA118 |page=118 |chapter=Anarchism |location=[[Chichester]] |oclc=245025406}}</ref> The anarcho-syndicalists rejected state-oriented political struggle and intellectualism, instead proposing labor unions as the revolutionary agents that would bring about an anarchist society characterised primarily by [[worker collective]]s.<ref name=vincent/>▼
Tras la represión de la Revolución Rusa de 1905 y el exilio de los disidentes políticos del Imperio Ruso, la prensa escrita en idioma ruso en Nueva York disfrutó de un renacimiento.2 Entre las publicaciones en ciernes surgieron una serie de periódicos y revistas políticas sindicales, entre las que se incluía Golos Trudá,2 que comenzó a ser publicado mensualmente por la Unión de Trabajadores de Rusia en los Estados Unidos y Canadá (Union of Russian Workers in the United States and Canada) en esa ciudad en 1911.34 El periódico adoptó la ideología del anarcosindicalismo, una fusión del sindicalismo y la filosofía anarquista que había salido del Congreso Internacional Anarquista de Ámsterdam (1907) y que llegó a América del Norte a través de la influencia de la IWW. Los anarcosindicalistas rechazaban lucha política de orientación estatal y el intelectualismo, proponiendo en cambio a los sindicatos como agentes revolucionarios que producirían una sociedad anarquista protagonizada principalmente por colectivos de trabajadores.
▲Following the suppression of the [[Russian Revolution of 1905]] and the consequent exile of political dissidents from the Russian Empire, Russian-language journalism in New York City enjoyed a revival.
At the outbreak of the Russian Revolution in 1917, the [[Russian Provisional Government]] declared a general amnesty and offered to fund the return of those Russians who had been exiled as political opponents of the Empire; the entire staff of ''Golos Truda'' elected to leave New York City for Russia and to move the periodical to Petrograd.<ref name=rocker>[[Rudolf Rocker|Rocker, Rudolf]]. [http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/bright/voline/biography.html Foreword] to {{Harvnb|Volin|1974}}</ref> In [[Vancouver]] on May 26, 1917, the editors, along with [[Ferrer Center]] artist [[Manuel Komroff]] and thirteen others, boarded a ship bound for [[Japan]].<ref name=aa>{{Cite book| last = Antliff | first = Allan | authorlink=Allan Antliff |title = Anarchist Modernism | publisher = University of Chicago Press | location = Chicago | year = 2001 | isbn = 0-226-02103-3 |page=254}}</ref> On board, the anarchists played music, gave lectures, staged plays and even published a revolutionary newspaper, ''The Float''.<ref name=aa/> From Japan, the band made their way to [[Siberia]], and proceeded East to European Russia.<ref name=aa/>
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