Economia: diferenças entre revisões

Alguns economistas, como [[John Stuart Mill]] ou [[Leon Walras]], defenderam a ideia de que a produção de riqueza não deveria ser limitada à sua distribuição. A produção estaria mais no campo da "economia aplicada" enquanto a distribuição na "economia social" e seria em grande medida uma questão política.<ref name="Economic Ideas 1989"/>

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Questões como a independência do [[banco central]], políticas do banco central e retórica nos discursos de presidentes do banco central sobre as premissas das [[macroeconomia#políticas macroeconômicas|políticas macroeconômicas]]<ref>Johan Scholvinck, Director of the UN Division for Social Policy and Development in New York, [http://www.icsw.org/publications/sdr/2002-june/un-division.htm Making the Case for the Integration of Social and Economic Policy] {{Wayback|url=http://www.icsw.org/publications/sdr/2002-june/un-division.htm |date=20071118193838 }}, The Social Development Review</ref> ([[política monetária|monetária]] e [[política fiscal|fiscal]]) dos [[Estado]]s, são focos de dissenso e criticismo.<ref>Bernd Hayo (Georgetown University & University of Bonn), [http://ideas.repec.org/p/wpa/wuwpma/0103006.html Do We Really Need Central Bank Independence? A Critical Re- examination], IDEAS at the Department of Economics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Connecticut</ref><ref>Gabriel Mangano (Centre Walras-Pareto, University of Lausanne BFSH 1, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and London School of Economics), Measuring central bank independence: a tale of subjectivity and of its consequences, Oxford Economic Papers. 1998; 50: 468-492</ref><ref>Friedrich Heinemann, [http://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/zewdip/4553.html Does it Pay to Watch Central Bankers’ Lips? The Information Content of ECB Wording], IDEAS at the Department of Economics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Connecticut</ref><ref>Stephen G. Cecchetti, [http://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/6306.html Central Bank Policy Rules: Conceptual Issues and Practical Considerations], IDEAS at the Department of Economics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Connecticut</ref>