Monocotiledóneas lilioides
Monocotiledóneas lilioides (também referidas por nonocotiledóneas petaloides, lilioides, liliid monocots, monocots petaloides ou monocots petaloides lilioides), nalguns sistemas de classificação mais antigos referido por «Liliiflorae», é um nome informal usado para um grado (agrupamento de táxons com características comuns) que agrupa cinco ordens de monocotiledôneas (Petrosaviales, Dioscoreales, Pandanales, Liliales e Asparagales) nas quais a maioria das espécies apresenda flores com tépalas coloridas relativamente grandes.
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Descrição editar
Esta característica é semelhante à encontrada no género Lilium (daí serem «lilioides», "parecidos com lírios"). As «monocotiledóneas petalóides» é uma referência à característica diferenciadora das suas flores, que apresentam tépalas que se assemelham a pétalas (ou seja são «petaloides»). Os termos taxonómicos «Lilianae» ou «Liliiflorae» também foram aplicados a este agrupamento taxonómico em vários momentos. A partir do início do século XIX, muitas das espécies deste grupo de plantas foram colocadas numa família amplamente definida, Liliaceae sensu lato ou s.l., a família que inclui os lírios. Esses sistemas de classificação ainda são encontrados em muitos livros e outras fontes. Dentro das monocotiledóneas, as Liliaceae s.l. eram separadas das Glumaceae, criando assim os dois grandes grupos em que se dividiam as monocotiledóneas.
Notas editar
Referências editar
Bibliografia editar
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- Simpósios
- Rudall, P.J.; Cribb, P.J.; Cutler, D.F.; Humphries, C.J., eds. (1995), Monocotyledons: systematics and evolution (Proceedings of the International Symposium on Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution, Kew 1993), ISBN 978-0-947643-85-0, Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens, consultado em 14 de janeiro de 2014
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- Capítulos
- Chase, M. W.; Duvall, M. R.; Hills, H. G.; Conran, J. G.; Cox, A. V.; Eguiarte, L. E.; Hartwell, J.; Fay, M. F.; Caddick, L. R.; Cameron, K. M.; Hoot, S., Molecular phylogenetics of Lilianae, 1, pp. 109–137, in Rudall et al. (1995)
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- Chase, M. W.; Fay, M. F.; Devey, D. S.; Maurin, O; Rønsted, N; Davies, T. J; Pillon, Y; Petersen, G; Seberg, O; Tamura, M. N.; Asmussen, C. B.; Hilu, K; Borsch, T; Davis, J. I; Stevenson, D. W.; Pires, J. C.; Givnish, T. J.; Sytsma, K. J.; McPherson, M. A.; Graham, S. W.; Rai, H. S., Multigene analyses of monocot relationships : a summary (PDF), pp. 63–75, in Columbus et al. (2006)
- Davis, Jerrold I.; Mcneal, Joel R.; Barrett, Craig F.; Chase, Mark W.; Cohen, James I.; Duvall, Melvin R.; Givnish, Thomas J.; Graham, Sean W.; Petersen, Gitte; Pires, J. Chris; Seberg, Ole; Stevenson, Dennis W.; Leebens-Mack, Jim (2013), «Contrasting patterns of support among plastid genes and genomes for major clades of the monocotyledons», Early Events in Monocot Evolution, ISBN 9781139002950, pp. 315–349, doi:10.1017/CBO9781139002950.015, in Wilkin & Mayo (2013)
- Graham, S.W.; Zgurski, J.M.; McPherson, M.A.; Cherniawsky, D.M.; Saarela, J.M.; Horne, E.S.C.; Smith, S.Y.; Wong, W.A.; O'Brien, H.E.; Biron, V.L.; Pires, J.C.; Olmstead, R.G.; Chase, M.W.; Rai, H.S., Robust inference of monocot deep phylogeny using an expanded multigene plastid data set (PDF), pp. 3–21, consultado em 4 de janeiro de 2014, in Columbus et al. (2006)
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- Artigos
- Caddick, Lizabeth R.; Rudall, Paula J.; Wilkin, Paul; Hedderson, Terry A. J.; Chase, Mark W. (fevereiro de 2002), «Phylogenetics of Dioscoreales based on combined analyses of morphological and molecular data», Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 138 (2): 123–144, doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2002.138002123.x
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- Chase, Mark W.; Soltis, Douglas E.; Olmstead, Richard G.; Morgan, David; Les, Donald H.; Mishler, Brent D.; Duvall, Melvin R.; Price, Robert A.; Hills, Harold G.; Qiu, Yin-Long; Kron, Kathleen A.; Rettig, Jeffrey H.; Conti, Elena; Palmer, Jeffrey D.; Manhart, James R.; Sytsma, Kenneth J.; Michaels, Helen J.; Kress, W. John; Karol, Kenneth G.; Clark, W. Dennis; Hedren, Mikael; Gaut, Brandon S.; Jansen, Robert K.; Kim, Ki-Joong; Wimpee, Charles F.; Smith, James F.; Furnier, Glenn R.; Strauss, Steven H.; Xiang, Qui-Yun; Plunkett, Gregory M.; Soltis, Pamela S.; Swensen, Susan M.; Williams, Stephen E.; Gadek, Paul A.; Quinn, Christopher J.; Eguiarte, Luis E.; Golenberg, Edward; Learn, Gerald H.; Graham, Sean W.; Barrett, Spencer C. H.; Dayanandan, Selvadurai; Albert, Victor A. (1993), «Phylogenetics of Seed Plants: An Analysis of Nucleotide Sequences from the Plastid Gene rbcL» (PDF), Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 80 (3), JSTOR 2399846, doi:10.2307/2399846
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- Furness, Carol A.; Rudall, Paula J. (janeiro de 2001), «Pollen and anther characters in monocot systematics», Grana, 40 (1–2): 17–25, doi:10.1080/00173130152591840
- Hertweck, Kate L.; Kinney, Michael S.; Stuart, Stephanie A.; Maurin, Olivier; Mathews, Sarah; Chase, Mark W.; Gandolfo, Maria A.; Pires, J. Chris (julho de 2015), «Phylogenetics, divergence times and diversification from three genomic partitions in monocots», Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 178 (3): 375–393, doi:10.1111/boj.12260
- Heywood, V H (1981), «C. D. Brickell, D. F. Cutler and Mary Gregory (Editors). Petaloid Monocotyledons, Horticultural and Botanical Research. Linnean Society Symposium Series No. 8, xii +222pp. Academic Press, London, 1980, £26.80. $62.00» (Book review), Ann Bot, 48 (4): 574–575, doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a086164
- Hutchinson, John (1936), «A new phylogenetic classification of the monocotyledons», Proceedings of the Zesde Internationaal Botanisch Congres, Amsterdam, 2–7 September 1935, ii: 129–131
- Kim, Jung Sung; Hong, Jeong-Ki; Chase, Mark W.; Fay, Michael F.; Kim, Joo-Hwan (maio de 2013). «Familial relationships of the monocot order Liliales based on a molecular phylogenetic analysis using four plastid loci: matK, rbcL, atpB and atpF-H». Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 172 (1): 5–21. doi:10.1111/boj.12039
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- Rudall, Paula J.; Bateman, Richard M. (1 de abril de 2006). «Morphological Phylogenetic Analysis of Pandanales: Testing Contrasting Hypotheses of Floral Evolution». Systematic Botany. 31 (2): 223–238. doi:10.1600/036364406777585766
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- Zeng, Liping; Zhang, Qiang; Sun, Renran; Kong, Hongzhi; Zhang, Ning; Ma, Hong (24 de setembro de 2014), «Resolution of deep angiosperm phylogeny using conserved nuclear genes and estimates of early divergence times», Nature Communications, 5 (4956), PMC 4200517 , PMID 25249442, doi:10.1038/ncomms5956
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- APG
- Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (1998), «An ordinal classification for the families of flowering plants», Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 85 (4): 531–53, JSTOR 2992015, doi:10.2307/2992015
- Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003), «An Update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group Classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II», Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 141 (4): 399–436, doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x
- Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III (2009), «An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III», Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 105–121, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x
- Websites
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Diversity and Evolution of Monocots: Lilioids (Botany 400 lecture notes), consultado em 21 de janeiro de 2016
- University of Alberta (1999), Monocots: (II) – Liliales & Asparagales (Botany 220 lecture notes)
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