Povos turcos: diferenças entre revisões
Conteúdo apagado Conteúdo adicionado
m Foram revertidas as edições de Mauiemeya para a última revisão de InternetArchiveBot, de 03h45min de 15 de maio de 2019 (UTC) Etiqueta: Reversão |
Resgatando 6 fontes e marcando 0 como inativas.) #IABot (v2.0) (Cyberpower678 - 4501 |
||
Linha 35:
==Raízes turcas==
{{Artigo principal|Xiongnu|Hunos|Goturcos}}
O primeiro texto histórico a mencionar o turco foi um texto do ponto de vista chinês, que mencionou o comércio das tribos turcas com os [[Sogdiana|sogdianos]] ao longo da [[Rota da Seda]].<ref>Etienne de la Vaissiere, Encyclopaedia Iranica Article:[http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/ot_grp7/ot_sogd_trade_20041201.html Sogdian Trade] {{Wayback|url=http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/ot_grp7/ot_sogd_trade_20041201.html |date=20091220225254 }}, [[1º de Dezembro]] de [[2004]].</ref> Os [[xiongnu]] mencionados nos registros da [[dinastia Han]] podem ter sido falantes de proto-turco<ref>Silk-Road:[http://www.silk-road.com/artl/xiongnu1.shtml Xiongnu]</ref><ref>[http://www.yeniturkiye.com/display.asp?c=6010 Yeni Türkiye]</ref><ref>[http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/FeaturesFarEast/TurkicIntro.htm The Rise of the Turkic People]</ref><ref>
sucedidos pelas hordas [[hunos|hunas]] de [[Átila, o Huno]] que tentaram conquistar a Europa.<ref>[http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Altera/xiongnu.html Chinese History - The Xiongnu]</ref><ref name="pulleyblank">G. Pulleyblank, The Consonantal System of Old Chinese: Part II, Asia Major n.s. 9 (1963) 206—65</ref> Por outro lado, recentes pesquisas genéticas de 2003<ref>Keyser-Tracqui C., Crubezy E., Ludes B. ''Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analysis of a 2,000-year-old necropolis in the Egyin Gol Valley of Mongolia'' [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=12858290 American Journal of Human Genetics 2003 August; 73(2): 247–260.]</ref> confirmam os estudos indicando que os povos turcos se originaram na mesma região e então são possivelmente relacionados com os xiongnu.<ref>Nancy Touchette [http://www.genomenewsnetwork.org/articles/07_03/ancient.shtml Ancient DNA Tells Tales from the Grave] "Skeletons from the most recent graves also contained DNA sequences similar to those in people from present-day Turkey. This supports other studies indicating that Turkic tribes originated at least in part in Mongolia at the end of the Xiongnu period." (''"Esqueletos de túmulos mais recentes também contêm sequências de DNA similares àquelas nas pessoas da atual Turquia. Isto confirma outros estudos indicando que as tribos turcas se originaram pelo menos em parte na Mongólia no final do período xiongnu."'')</ref>
Linha 289:
*[http://www.umich.edu/~turkish/turkic.html Turkic Republics, Regions, and Peoples: Resources - University of Michigan]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170905190526/http://turkicfest.org/ Turkic Cultures and Children's Festival, Turkic Fest]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080726001150/http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/TUM_VAN/TURKS.html Encyclopedia Britanica 1911 Edition]
*[http://www.turkicworld.org turkicworld]
*[http://www.hunmagyar.org/turan/ethno.html Ethnographic maps]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060829234600/http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/newspot/2002/mar_apr/n5.htm International Turcology and Turkish History Research Symposium]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080423213956/http://eng.iku.edu.tr/iku_eng_department.asp?department=turklang Istanbul Kültür University]
*[http://www.turkishitems.com Examples of traditional Turkish and Ottoman Clothing]
*[http://users.pandora.be/orientaal/links.html Türkçekent Orientaal's links for Turkish Language Learning]
*[http://users.pandora.be/orientaal/turkcestan.html Türkçestan Orientaal's links to Turkic languages]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050728103704/http://users.cwnet.com/millenia/UAETY.html Ural-Altaic-Sumerian Etymological Dictionary]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110107044141/http://tatar.net/ Crimean Tatar Internet Resources]
*[http://www.vatankirim.net Crimean Tatar Web Site]
Linha 306:
*[http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v8/n5/abs/5200468a.html MtDNA and Y chromosome polymorphisms in Hungary: inferences from the Palaeolithic, Neolithic and Uralic influences on the modern Hungarian gene pool]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060627044903/http://www.bookrags.com/history/worldhistory/dastan-turkic-ema-02/ World History Study Guide'': "Dastan Turkic" at BookRsgs.com]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071027165935/http://web.umr.edu/~gdoty/poems/altaic/ The ''Altaic Epic'']
*[http://gokturkanitlari.appspot.com/ Inscrições de Orkhon]
[[Categoria:Povos túrquicos| ]]
| |||