Keiretsu

Keiretsu 系列 (literalmente "combinação sem cabeça"^[1]) é um termo japonês que designa um modelo empresarial onde há uma coalizão de empresas unidas por certos interesses econômicos. Estes grupos industriais foram criados para preencher o vazio deixado pela abolição dos zaibatsu depois de 1945.^[2] Os maiores são Mitsubishi, Mitsui e Sumitomo ^[3]

Nome	Banco	Principais empresas
Mitsubishi	Mitsubishi Bank (until 1996) Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi (1996 - 2005) Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ (2006 - )	Mitsubishi Corporation, Kirin Brewery, Mitsubishi Electric, Mitsubishi Fuso, Mitsubishi Motors, Nippon Yusen, Shin-Nippon Petroleum, Tokyo Marine and Fire Insurance, Nikon Corporation
Mitsui	Mitsui Bank (until 1990) Sakura Bank (1990 - 2001) Sumitomo Mitsui Bank (2001 - )	Fuji Photo Film, Mitsui Real Estate, Mitsukoshi, Suntory, Toshiba, Toyota
Sumitomo	Sumitomo Bank (until 2001) Sumitomo Mitsui Bank (2001 - )	Asahi Breweries, Hanshin Railway, Keihan Railway, Mazda, Nankai Railway, NEC, Sumitomo Real Estate
Fuyo	Fuji Bank (until 2000) Mizuho Bank (2000 - )	Canon, Hitachi, Marubeni, Matsuya, Nissan, Ricoh, Tobu Railway, Yamaha
Dai-Ichi Kangyo	Dai-Ichi Kangyo Bank (until 2000) Mizuho Bank (2000 - )	Fujitsu, Hitachi, Isuzu, Itochu, Tokyo Electric Power
Sanwa ("Midorikai")	Sanwa Bank (until 2002) UFJ Bank (2002 - 2006) Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ (2006 - )	Hankyu Railway, Keisei Railway, Kobe Steel, Konica Minolta, Kyocera, Orix, Shin-Maywa, Takashimaya, Toho

Referências

↑ Tim Hindle (1 September 2008). Guide to Management Ideas and Gurus. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 111–. ISBN 978-1-84668-108-0.
↑ Stuart D. B. Picken (2009). The A to Z of Japanese Business. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 154. ISBN 978-0-8108-6872-4.
↑ Hossein Bidgoli (2010). The Handbook of Technology Management: Supply Chain Management, Marketing and Advertising, and Global Management. John Wiley & Sons. p. 777. ISBN 978-0-470-24948-2.

[Hindle2008-1] Tim Hindle (1 September 2008). Guide to Management Ideas and Gurus. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 111–. ISBN 978-1-84668-108-0.

[Picken2009-2] Stuart D. B. Picken (2009). The A to Z of Japanese Business. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 154. ISBN 978-0-8108-6872-4.

[Bidgoli2010-3] Hossein Bidgoli (2010). The Handbook of Technology Management: Supply Chain Management, Marketing and Advertising, and Global Management. John Wiley & Sons. p. 777. ISBN 978-0-470-24948-2.

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