Predefinição:Censorship
Many societies have banned certain books. This is a partial list of books that have been banned by governments, for various reasons. These bans can be enacted at the national or sub-national level, and can carry legal penalties for their infraction.
Books are also forbidden by religious authorities, who prohibit members of their faith from reading them, but without this being a criminal offense; examples of such can be found at List of books forbidden by religions.
Books may be challenged at a local level, and possibly removed from schools or libraries as a result, but not legally banned in the involved community; examples of such from the United States can be found at List of most commonly challenged books in the U.S.
Books are banned for a variety of reasons. For example, one reason is to protect the public from their contents. The threats that are cited to justify the bans may be abstract (e.g., "obscenity") or more concrete (e.g., "public safety").
For example, various scriptures have been banned (and sometimes burned) at several points in history. For example, the Bible, the Qur'an, and other religious scriptures have all been subjected to censorship and have been banned by various governments. Similarly, books based on the scriptures have also been banned, such as Leo Tolstoy's The Kingdom of God Is Within You, which was banned in Russia for being anti-establishment. Non-religious books deemed critical of the state or its interests are another common target for banning.[1]
Books are frequently banned as "obscene" or "indecent" when they are perceived to be a threat to "public morals". Sexual content - especially in forms which are taboo in a given society - is the most common basis for such bans. In modern societies it is typical to material with sexual content to be made unavailable to children, without banning it altogether for adults, but certain kinds of content may receive a complete ban.
Books that present criminal matters have also been subjected to censorship, usually on the grounds that they either incite or assist in committing crimes. Small-press titles that have become infamous by being banned include The Anarchist Cookbook and Hit Man.
Predefinição:AlphanumericTOC
Predefinição:Inc-lit
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
Fanny Hill or Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure |
John Cleland |
Novel |
Banned in the USA in 1821 for obscenity, then again in 1963. This was the last book ever banned in the USA.[3] See also Memoirs v. Massachusetts.
|
The Federal Mafia |
Irwin Schiff |
Nonfiction |
An injunction was issued by a U.S. District Court in Nevada under 26 U.S.C. § 7408 against Irwin Schiff and associates Cynthia Neun and Lawrence Cohen, against the sale of this book by those persons as the court found that the information it contains is fraudulent.[16]
|
Fight Club |
Chuck Palahniuk |
Novel |
Banned in China in 1999 for giving instructions on how to make various explosive devices.
|
Fra Kristiania-Bohêmen |
Hans Jæger |
Novel |
Banned in Norway in 1885, immediately after its publishing.
|
The Fugitive (Perburuan) |
Pramoedya Ananta Toer |
Novel |
Banned in Indonesia for being too communistic and for other political reasons.[17]
|
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
|
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
Islam - A Concept of Political World Invasion |
R.V. Bhasin |
Political Ideology |
Banned in Maharashtra, India in 2007, after its publishing on grounds that it promotes communal disharmony between Hindus and Muslims.
|
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
Lady Chatterley's Lover |
D. H. Lawrence |
Novel |
Temporarily banned in the United States and UK for violation of obscenity laws.
Temporarily banned in Australia.[23]
|
Little Black Sambo |
Helen Bannerman |
Children's Book |
Banned in Japan (1988 - 2005) to quell "political threats to boycott Japanese cultural exports", although the pictures were not those of the original version.[24]
|
Lolita |
Vladmir Nabokov |
Novel |
French officials banned it for being "obscene," as did England, Argentina, New Zealand and South Africa. [25]
|
The Lottery |
Shirley Jackson |
Short Story |
Banned in South Africa during Apartheid; Jackson responded that the government of South Africa "understood the story".
|
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
On the Origins and Perpetual Use of the Legislative Powers of the Apostolic Kings of Hungary in Matters Ecclesiastical. |
Adam F. Kollár |
Legal-political |
Banned by the Vatican in 1514 for arguments against the political role of the Roman Catholic Church.[30] Original title: De Originibus et Usu perpetuo.
|
One Day of Life |
Manlio Argueta |
Novel |
Banned by El Salvador for its portrayal of human rights violations.[31]
|
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
The Peaceful Pill Handbook |
Philip Nitschke and Fiona Stewart |
Instructional manual on euthanasia |
It was initially banned in New Zealand by Office of Film & Literature Classification since it was deemed to be objectionable.[32] In May 2008 it was allowed for sale if sealed and an indication of the censorship classification was displayed. The book remains banned outright in Australia. A digital edition is available from Peacefulpill.com [6][33]
|
Polyester Prince - Rise of Dhirubhai Ambani |
Hamish MacDonald |
Biography |
Banned in India. Exposes unholy nexus between Dhirubhai Ambani - A leading Indian industrialist and the Indian Government. Contains details on how he managed to control and subjugate the press, bring down a Central Government and bribed Politicians to obtain legislations in his favour. Ban in India believed to be due to proximity of Mukesh Ambani to the present Government.
|
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
Tropic of Cancer |
Henry Miller |
Novel (fictionalized memoir) |
Banned in the US in the 1930s until the early 1960s, seized by US customs for sexually explicit content and vulgarity. The rest of Miller's work was also banned by the United States.[43] Also banned in South Africa until the late 1980s.{{carece de fontes}}
|
The Turner Diaries |
William Luther Pierce |
Novel |
Banned in Germany for its Nazi ideology theme and Pierce leadership in the American Nazi Party. Blamed for a number of crimes allegedly inspired by the novel.[44]
|
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
Title
|
Author
|
Type of Literature
|
Reason
|
Year 501: The Conquest Continues |
Noam Chomsky |
Politics |
Banned for distribution in South Korean military as one of 23 books banned from Aug 1st 2008.
[47]
|
- ↑
Skold, Walter. «Ray Bradbury Condemns Cuban Book Burning; 'Fahrenheit 451' Author Takes Stance While U.S. Librarians Ignore Counterparts». WorldNetDaily. Consultado em 10 de janeiro de 2009.
Among some of the many thousands of materials burned or destroyed by the Cuban Department of Interior were books on the United States Constitution, Martin Luther King, Jr., journalism manuals, a book called 'Fidel's Secret Wars,' and in one case, even a book by José Martí, the Cuban hero of independence beloved by most Cubans and often quoted by Castro.
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ a b Grannis, Chandler B.; Haight, Anne (Lyon) (1978). Banned books, 387 B. C. to 1978 A. D. New York: R. R. Bowker. 80 páginas. ISBN 0-8352-1078-2
- ↑ Karolides et al, p. 13-16
- ↑ Karolides et al, p. 16-20
- ↑ Predefinição:Citebook
- ↑ «Why Were These Books Banned?» [ligação inativa]
- ↑ Forbidden library
- ↑ Karolides et al, p. 29-32
- ↑ a b c «Banned Books Online»
- ↑ [2]
- ↑ [3]
- ↑ Karolides et al, p. 40-45
- ↑ CBC's The Current the whole show blow by blow.
- ↑ Karolides et al, p. 45-50
- ↑ See also footnote 1, United States v. Schiff, 2008-1 U.S. Tax Cas. (CCH) paragr. 50,111 (9th Cir. 2007), citing United States v. Schiff, 379 F.3d 621, 630 (9th Cir. 2004), regarding the Court's finding that the book The Federal Mafia: How the Government Illegally Imposes and Unlawfully Collects Income Taxes constituted "fraudulent commercial speech."
- ↑ Karolides et al, p. 50-57
- ↑ «Top 10 "Obscene" Literary Classics»
- ↑ Karolides et al, p 57-71
- ↑ Karolides et al, p 71-78
- ↑ http://title.forbiddenlibrary.com/
- ↑ Warrick-Alexander, James (February 6, 2006). Thailand Bars Univ. Website. Yale Daily News.
- ↑ Cleland, John; Rembar, Charles; Miller, Henry (1986). The end of obscenity: the trials of Lady Chatterley, Tropic of cancer, and Fanny Hill. San Francisco: Harper & Row. ISBN 0-06-097061-8
- ↑ «Banned Books». Undated. Consultado em 6 de setembro de 2008
- ↑ http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1842832_1842838_1845288,00.html
- ↑ Ringelblum, Emanuel; Joseph Kermish, Shmuel Krakowski. Polish-Jewish Relations During the Second World War. [S.l.]: Northwestern University Press. 190 páginas. ISBN 0810109638
- ↑ «New World Order's Inquisition in Bosnia»
- ↑ http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/03/01/features/beats.php
- ↑ Notre ami le roi par Gilles Perrault
- ↑ Andor Csizmadia, Adam Franz Kollár und die ungarische rechtshistorische Forschung. 1982.
- ↑ Ferris, Geoff (fevereiro de 2002). «One Day of Life». Western Michigan University. Consultado em 12 de dezembro de 2008
- ↑ Office of Film & Literature Classification - "The Peaceful Pill Handbook banned"
- ↑ http://www.censorship.govt.nz/pdfword/peaceful%20pill%20s38.pdf Office of Film & Literature Classification
- ↑ Self and Sovereignty: Individual and Community in South Asian Islam Since 1850 by Ayesha Jalal
- ↑ [4]
- ↑ «Singapore will not Allow Publication of Prophet Cartoons». Bloomberg.com. 2006-02-10. Consultado em 14 de junho de 2007 [ligação inativa]
- ↑ [5]
- ↑ «Amazon Soft Target Book listing». Consultado em 19 de dezembro de 2007
- ↑ [Quirkology: The science of everyday lifes]
- ↑ Zuckerman, Laurence (17 de agosto de 1987). «How Not to Silence a Spy». Time. Time Warner. Consultado em 20 de janeiro de 2008
- ↑ 1987: Ban lifted on MI5 man's memoirs
- ↑ «Edict Against Arius». 333
- ↑ From Henry Miller to Howard Stern, by Patti Davis, Newsweek, March, 2004
- ↑ «'Turner Diaries' introduced in McVeigh trial»
- ↑ «Stowe Debate»
- ↑ Smith, David (2 de janeiro de 2005). «Lesbian novel was 'danger to nation'». The Observer. Consultado em 9 de outubro de 2006
- ↑ Military expands book blacklist
- ↑ Why is Falun Gong Banned?, New Statesman, 19 August, 2008.